基于语料库的葛浩文习语翻译研究——以《生死疲劳》英译本为例
A Corpus-based Study on Howard Goldblatt’s Translation of Chinese Idioms—A Case Study of the English Version of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out

《生死疲劳》是诺奖得主莫言的集大成之作，蕴含丰富乡土文化及地域特色，是中华传统文化瑰宝。研究基于韦努蒂异化与归化翻译策略，以葛译本《生死疲劳》中习语英译为研究对象，借助ParaConc自建汉英平行习语语料库，从翻译策略及方法两个层面对葛译习语进行量化统计与定性分析，并在此基础上解读不同习语种类所对应的翻译倾向。研究发现，葛浩文倾向“异化为主，归化为辅，兼含异化与归化结合”翻译策略。成语、谚语、粗俗语、歇后语等习语显著倾向采用异化策略，占比高达70.49%，归化策略占比约为30%，异归结合法占比最小，仅为1.08%；俗语、典故等习语异化策略占比约为50%、归化策略占比超40%，而异归结合法可达8.16%。本文为葛译《生死疲劳》中习语英译提供翻译风格及倾向的语料库支撑，以期对文学作品中习语英译提供借鉴，助力中华文化走出去。
Rich in folk culture and regional features, Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out is a masterpiece of Mo Yan, the Nobel Prize Laureate in Literature and a treasure of Chinese traditional culture. Based on Venuti’s foreignization and domestication strategies, this paper takes the English translation of Chinese idioms in Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out by Howard Goldblatt as the study object. With the help of Para Conc, the paper builds its own Chinese-English parallel idioms corpus to conduct the quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis of Goldblatt’s translation styles from translation strategies and methods. On this basis, the translation tendency of different categories of idioms should be interpreted. The study finds that Goldblatt tends to employ foreignization as mainstay, and domestication as supplement with the combination of both as aid, through which the hetero-geneity of idioms is cleverly preserved and readers’ responses are paid with full attention. In regard to set phrases, proverbs, vulgar language and two-part allegorical sayings, Goldblatt significantly prefers to adopt literal translation from domestication strategy, with a maximum percentage of 70.49%. Paraphrase and equivalence from domestication strategy account for about 30% and the combination of foreignization and domestication for the lowest proportion with the minimum at 1.08%. With respect to common sayings and allusions, literal translation from foreignization strat-egy accounts for approximately 50%, and paraphrase and equivalence from domestication strategy nearly exceed 40%. And the combination of foreignization and domestication accounts for the low-est proportion with the maximum value at 8.16%. The study provides corpus support for the trans-lation styles and tendencies of Chinese idioms in Life by Howard Goldblatt, with a view to enlighten-ing the translation of Chinese idioms in literary works and the practice of Chinese culture going global.