稻秸秆沼液耦合对小麦农艺性状和土壤真菌多样性影响
Effects of Rice Straw and Biogas Slurry Cou-pling on Wheat Agronomic Traits and Soil Fungal Diversity

为研究水稻秸秆沼液耦合对小麦农艺性状和土壤真菌多样性影响，采用IlluminaNovaseq高通量测序技术，分析了等量氮素肥料处理下水稻秸秆全量还田结合化肥(S-CF)、秸秆全量还田结合沼液(S-BS)、全量沼液(BS)、全量化肥(CF)和空白处理(CK)条件下真菌群落结构。结果显示，灌浆期的株高方面和茎基宽方面，S-BS、BS处理相对低于化肥的组合处理。S-CF处理理论产量最高，但是与CF、S-BS处理无显著差异。联合施肥的S-CF、S-BS处理均能够提高物种的丰富度和多样性。结果表明，水稻秸秆与沼液耦合对小麦农艺性状、土壤真菌影响与化肥处理存在一定的异同，S-BS能够保证一定的理论产量和土壤真菌的丰富度和多样性，该结果可为地方建立科学合理的秸秆还田配施有机肥方案提供理论依据。
To study the effects of coupling rice straw with biogas slurry on wheat agronomic traits and soil fungal diversity, Illumina Novaseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the fungal community structure under the conditions of equal nitrogen fertilizer treatment with rice straw full return combined fertilizer (S-CF), straw full return combined biogas slurry (S-BS), full bi-ogas slurry (BS), full fertilizer (CF), and blank treatment (CK). The results showed that in terms of plant height and stem base width during the filling period, the S-BS and BS were relatively lower than the combination of chemical fertilizers. The theoretical yield of S-CF is the highest, but there is no significant difference compared to CF and S-BS. Both S-CF and S-BS can enhance species richness and diversity. The results indicate that there are certain similarities and differences on agronomic traits of wheat, soil fungi between the coupling of rice straw and biogas slurry with fertilizer treat-ment. S-BS can ensure a certain theoretical yield and the richness and diversity of soil fungi. This result can provide a theoretical basis for establishing a scientific and reasonable straw return and organic fertilizer fertilization plan in local areas.