铁路客运站旅客流线与候车能力协同优化方案——以济南站为例
Coordinated Optimization Scheme for Passenger Flow Lines and Waiting Capacity at Railway Passenger Stations—A Case Study of Jinan Railway Station

铁路网中的大型客运站，承担着地区铁路枢纽内的主要客运业务，在既有客运站中往往存在站内旅客流线复杂、候车能力不足，极易引起站内拥挤混乱、服务水平差等问题。本文将通过分析铁路客运站进站旅客流线的布置特点及候车能力影响因素，得到旅客到达规律进而探寻站内最高聚集人数；运用Anylogic对进站旅客流线仿真，得到各候车室的聚集人数，进而划分各候车室服务水平；通过调整列车候车分区与优化车站设备布局，降低候车室聚集人数。以济南站为例，通过调整部分设备布局及列车候车分区，候车室服务水平得到明显降低，减少了旅客在站停留时间，提高了车站整体服务水平。
Large passenger stations in the railway network bear the main passenger transport business within the regional railway hub. In existing passenger stations, there are often issues such as complex passenger flow lines inside the station and insufficient waiting capacity, which can easily lead to congestion and chaos within the station and poor service levels. This paper analyzes the layout characteristics of the passenger flow lines entering the railway passenger stations and the factors affecting the waiting capacity, to discern the patterns of passenger arrivals and thereby determine the maximum number of people gathered inside the station. Using Anylogic to simulate the passenger flow lines entering the station, we can determine the number of people gathered in each waiting room and then assess the service level of each waiting room. By adjusting the train waiting areas and optimizing the station equipment layout, the number of people gathered in the waiting rooms can be reduced. Taking Jinan Station as an example, by adjusting some equipment layouts and train waiting areas, the service level of the waiting rooms has been significantly improved, reducing the time passengers spend in the station and enhancing the overall service level of the station.