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儿童肝移植手术概述
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Abstract:
儿童肝移植起源于60多年前，虽然儿童肝移植在肝移植患者中占据少数，但是终末期肝病儿童接受肝移植手术后生存率较高。儿童肝移植的适应证通常比成人肝移植的适应证更多样化，同样，基础病因的多样性、复杂性给医护人员带来了更高的挑战性。随着肝移植手术技术的提高及术中、术后管理经验的提升，全球儿童肝移植数量及质量稳步上升，但术后并发症仍为影响患儿预后的主要因素，而手术方式在一定程度上决定着术后并发症的发生。本文对手术方式及手术后并发症做一系统评述，旨在为临床工作提供一定的参考，提高肝移植患儿预后。
Pediatric liver transplantation originated more than 60 years ago. Although pediatric liver trans-plantation accounts for a minority of liver transplant patients, children with end-stage liver disease have a higher survival rate after liver transplantation. Indications for liver transplantation in chil-dren are usually more diverse than those for adult liver transplantation. Likewise, the diversity and complexity of underlying etiology pose a higher challenge to healthcare professionals. With the im-provement of liver transplantation surgery technology and the improvement of intraoperative and postoperative management experience, the number and quality of pediatric liver transplantation have steadily increased globally, but postoperative complications are still the main factors affecting the prognosis of children, and the surgical method determines the occurrence of postoperative complications to a certain extent. This article reviews the surgical methods and postoperative com-plications in order to provide some reference for clinical work and improve the prognosis of chil-dren with liver transplantation.
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