Introduction: Neurocognitive disorders are frequent with aging and are often seen at advancing stages in our context. It is really difficult to evaluate rapidly Nigerien elderly persons according to tools available on cognitive status while there is a great number of uneducated elderly people who suffer from cognitive deficiency. The purpose was to determine neurocognitive disorders prevalence in uneducated groups and Muslim elderly people by using the cognitive disorder examination (Codex) test adopted in the population living at home in Niamey (Niger). Materials and Methods: These are the results of a preliminary prospective study with simple three (3) random sampling concerning elderly people aged 60 and over living at home in whom the codex test adapted to Niamey was administered in uneducated Muslim elderly people for a total duration of four (4) minutes. This screen-adapted test should be completed by the mini-mental test of Senegal which is adapted globally to uneducated people in hospitals. The basic Codex test was developed in France for educated people, so we used this basic test in our educated people in the same study. Results: A total of 198 patients had been collected, of which 51.5% were female with an average age of 68 years with extremes of 60 to 84 years. 40 were educated. Among educated persons, 62.5% had a very low probability of dementia and 5% had a very high probability of dementia in the first step of the Codex. In the second step, 12.5% had a low probability of dementia and 20% had a high probability in the same group, while 51.3% had a very low probability of dementia and 21.3% had a very high probability of dementia in the first step of CODEX in uneducated elderly. In the second step in the same group, 12.6% had a low probability and 14.5% had a high probability of dementia. Conclusion: The adapted codex test of Niamey is simple and could be rapidly used to screen dementia among uneducated elderly Muslim prayers, and then could confirm it by complementary cognitive status test validated in the same population. However, it should be confirmed by using a large sample.
References
[1]
Hendrie, H.C., Osuntokun, B.O., Hall, K.S., et al. (1995) Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia in Two Communities: Nigerian Africans and African Americans. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 1485-1492. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.10.1485
[2]
Farrag, A.K.F., Farwiz, H.M., Khedre, E.H., et al. (1998) Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementing Disorders: Assiut-Upper Egypt Study. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 9, 323-328. https://doi.org/10.1159/000017084
[3]
Paraiso, M.N., Guerchet, M., Saizonou, J., et al. (2011) Prevalence of Dementia among Elderly People Living in Cotonou, An Urban Area of Benin. Neuroepidemiology, 36, 245-251. https://doi.org/10.1159/000328255
[4]
Guerchet, M., M’belesso, P., Mouanga, A.M., et al. (2010) Prevalence of Dementia in Elderly Living in Two Cities of Central Africa: The EDAC Survey. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 30, 261-268. https://doi.org/10.1159/000320247
[5]
Touré, K., Coumé, M., Thiam, M.H., et al. (2010) épidémiologie de la démence en Afrique. Revue de Gériatrie, 35, 627-632.
[6]
Mamadou, C., Kamadore, T., Mamadou, H.T., et al. (2012) Estimation de la prévalence du déficit cognitif dans une population de personnes agées sénégalaises du Centre médico-social et universitaire de l’Institution de prévoyance retraite du Sénégal. Geriatr Psycho Neuropsychiatrl, 10, 39-46.
[7]
Belmin, J., Oasi, C., Folio, P., et al. (2007) Codex, Un test ultra-rapide pour le repérage des démences chez les sujets agés. La Revue de Gériatrie, 32, 627-631. http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19439500
[8]
Belmin, J., Pariel-Madjlessi, S., Surun, P., et al. (2007) The Cognitive Disorders Examination (Codex) Is a Reliable 3-Minute Test for Detection of Dementia in the Elderly (Validation Study on 323 Subjects). La Presse Médicale, 36, 1183-1190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lpm.2007.03.016
[9]
Abdoulkader, A., Brah, S., Abdou, I., et al. (2019) Déterminants de l’Altération de la Fonction Rénale chez le Sujet Âgé Nigérien Vivant à Domicile: Une étude de 96 Sujets. Health Sciences and Diseases, 20, 40-44.
[10]
Andia, A., Fourera, S., Souleymane, B., et al. (2019) Evaluation of Nutritional Status at Household in Elderly Assessed by Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) in West Africa Country, Niamey-Niger. American Journal of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2, Article 1018.
[11]
Berthé, A.L., Berthé, S., Konaté, B. et al. (2012) Les incapacités fonctionnelles des personnes agées vivant à domicile à Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Santé Publique, 24, 439-451. https://doi.org/10.3917/spub.125.0439
[12]
Diagne, S.L.M., Ka, O. and Fall, F. (2017) Risques de chute et de dénutrition chez des personnes agées vivant à domicile à Dakar (Sénégal). Médecine D’Afrique Noire, 64, 169-176
[13]
Green, R.C., Cupples, L.A., Go, R., et al. (2002) Risk of Dementia among White and African American Relatives of Patients with Alzheimer Disease. JAMA, 287, 329-336. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.3.329
[14]
Andia, A., Harouna, G., Massamba, B.A., et al. (2022) Aspects clinique, Para clinique et thérapeutique des troubles neurocognitifs en gériatrie à l’Hôpital General de Reference de Niamey (Niger) Général de Référence de Niamey (Niger). Revue Africaine de Médecine Interne, 9, 52-59
[15]
Mortimer, J.A., van Duijn, C.M., Chandra, V., et al. (1991) Head Trauma as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Collaborative Re-Analysis of Case-Control Studies. EURODEM Risk Factors Research Group. International Journal of Epidemiology, 20, S28-S35. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/20.Supplement_2.S28
[16]
Hall, K., Gureje, O., Gao, S., et al. (1998) Risk Factors and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Comparative Study of Two Communities. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 32, 698-706. https://doi.org/10.3109/00048679809113126
