This comprehensive review focuses on the performance
of solar dryers, with a specific emphasis on their structural shape and
orientation. Researchers have extensively examined these design parameters,
often employing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to assess thermal attributes
and predict temperature distribution, airflow patterns, and temperature
profiles within the structures. Geographical location significantly influences
solar dryer shape preferences, with the parabolic shape finding favor in
tropical regions for its superior solar radiation capture and storm resistance,
while even-span and Quonset shapes are popular elsewhere. Solar dryer
orientation is another crucial factor, with east-west alignment consistently
proving optimal due to its ability to maximize year-round solar radiation
absorption and, consequently, enhance drying efficiency. Economic
considerations, however, fall beyond the scope of this review, which
predominantly focuses on thermal aspects. This investigation reveals diverse
global preferences for solar dryer shapes and orientation, highlighting the
necessity of considering geographical factors in design choices. While CFD and
shape/orientation dynamics have provided valuable insights, there remains room
for future research to expand into transient state simulations under various
conditions, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of solar dryer
performance. Such insights promise to promote sustainable and efficient drying
processes, benefitting agricultural and drying applications across the globe.
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