Background: Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide.
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy also constitute a major global health
threat. There are different types of hypertension that can occur during pregnancy; with
different mechanisms and consequences for mother and fetus. Objectives: To determine the frequency of hypertension (hypertension) during pregnancy.
Document the risk factors for pregnancy-related hypertension. Review the
material and fetal complications which determine the prognosis. Methods and Patients: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study from January 1 to June 30, 2022
in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the Brazzaville Hospital and
University Center. We noted 72 cases of hypertension among 1188 births admitted
during the reference period. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure
40/90mmHg. Results: Hypertension was observed in 6% of those giving
birth. The average age of the patients was 28 ± 8 years (range 15 to 39 years).
The age group of 15 to 34 years was the most affected, 56 cases (778%). The
risk factors were young age (15 -34 years), late transfer of women in labor, 49 cases
(68%). Primiparity, 33 cases (45.8%), absence of prenatal consultation, 7 cases
(9.7%), hypertension, 8 cases (11%), twinning, 4 cases (5%), fetal macrosomia,
one case (1.3%). Maternal complications recorded were: 21 cases of eclampsia
(29%), 6 cases of left ventricular failure (8.3%), 5 cases of anemia (6.9%), 2
cases of retroplacental hematoma (2.8%), 1 case of HELLP syndrome, as much
renal failure. Fetal and neonatal complications were 23 cases of prematurity
(32%), 10 cases of acute fetal distress (14%), 4 cases of hypotrophy (5.6%).
Eleven cases of death (15.3%) were: 3 in utero. B in the neonatal period.
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