婚姻家庭变迁视域下民族村寨父子分家养老研究——以贵州省X村为例
Research on Father-Son Separation for Old-Age Care in Ethnic Villages from the Perspective of Marriage and Family Changes—The Case of X Village in Guizhou Province

分家养老作为中国家庭的延续和变化形式，自秦汉以来一直流传至今，其具体的行为规范对人们的行为、思想具有较强的约束力。近年来在社会经济的发展和生活方式变迁的背景下，分家习俗并没有在人们的生活中消亡，直到今天仍然活跃于中国的大多数家庭里。随着社会变迁中的婚姻习俗与生育观念的改变，该习俗不断变化的同时深刻影响着养老方式。本文在费孝通家庭社会学思想和文化变迁等理论的基础上，通过调研贵州省民族村寨X村中多个家庭的父子分家实践，探讨分家实践面对婚姻家庭变迁如何做出调适，进一步思考分家实践变迁后引发的家庭养老方式的变化及家庭养老功能弱化的现象。
As a continuation and change form of Chinese family, separating families for the aged has been handed down since the Qin and Han Dynasties, and its specific code of conduct has a strong binding force on people’s behavior and thoughts. In recent years, under the background of social and economic development and lifestyle changes, the custom of family separation has not died out in people’s life, and it is still active in most families in China today. With the change of marriage custom and birth concept in the social change, the custom has a profound impact on the way of pension. On the basis of Fei Xiaotong’s family sociology thought and cultural change theory, this paper investigates the father-son separation practice of several families in X village, an ethnic village in Guizhou Province, discusses how to adjust to the change of family separation practice in the face of marriage and family changes, and further considers the changes of family pension mode and the weakening of family pension function caused by the change of family separation practice.