基于大学生需要心理的高校思想政治教育优化路径研究
Research on the Optimization Path of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities Based on the Psychology of College Students’ Needs

大学生需要心理是提升高校思想政治教育实效性的重要考虑因素之一，高校开展思想政治教育必须以大学生实际需要为出发点。基于大学生需要心理显现出层次性、差异性、矛盾性的鲜明特征探究大学生需要心理的影响因素及其与思想政治教育之间的关系，进一步提出从尊重学生需要以提升思想政治教育实效性、重视层次需要以增强思想政治教育针对性、坚持因需利导以强化思想政治教育吸引力这三个方面优化高校思想政治教育工作方法并提升其教育效果。
The need psychology of college students is one of the important factors to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and the ideological and political education in colleges and universities must take the actual needs of college students as the starting point. Based on the distinct characteristics of college students’ need psychology, which is hierar-chical, different and contradictory, this paper explores the influencing factors of college students’ need psychology and its relationship with ideological and political education, and further proposes to optimize the working methods of ideological and political education in colleges and universities and improve its educational effect from three aspects: respecting students’ needs to enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education, paying attention to hierarchical needs to en-hance the pertinence of ideological and political education, and insisting on guiding according to needs to enhance the attractiveness of ideological and political education.