场域理论下代际反哺弥合老年群体“数字鸿沟”的路径探究
Exploring the Path of Intergenerational Backfeeding to Bridge the “Digital Divide” among the Elderly under the Field Theory

随着互联网和各种先进传播技术逐渐渗透到家庭生活，父辈在网络技术的学习、接受和适应方面能力的不足导致了他们在家庭教育中的优势逐渐削弱，子辈通过掌握先进的传播技术从而掌握了主导地位。“代际之间横亘着一条最大的鸿沟”，这就是所谓的“数字代沟”，“数字反哺”被认为是解决这一问题的有效手段。在场域理论的框架下，由于场域的不平衡、资本的巨大差距和惯习的缺位，家庭场域中代际之间呈现出了交流的真空。面对老年群体在社会融入上的挑战，子代应该从场域的构建、资本的赋能和惯习的重塑三个维度出发，分别发挥从话语的争夺到话语的让渡、从观念和能力的全面提升到形成网络互动的积极惯习的子代支持效果，以构建和谐的新型代际互动关系。
With the gradual penetration of the Internet and various advanced communication technologies into family life, the insufficient ability of parents to learn, accept, and adapt to network technology has led to the weakening of their advantages in family education. Children have gained a dominant position by mastering advanced communication technologies. There is a biggest gap between generations, which is known as the “digital generation gap”. “Digital feedback” is considered an effective means to solve this problem. Under the framework of the field theory, due to the imbalance of the field, the huge gap in capital, and the absence of habits, there is a vacuum of communication between generations in the family field. Faced with the challenge of integrating the elderly into society, future generations should start from three dimensions: the construction of the field, the empowerment of capital, and the reshaping of habits. They should respectively exert the support effect of future generations from discourse competition to discourse transfer, from comprehensive improvement of concepts and abilities to the formation of positive habits in online interaction, in order to build a harmonious new type of intergenerational interaction relationship.