弗洛伊德人格理论的道德思想评析
An Analysis of the Moral Thought of Freud’s Personality Theory

弗洛伊德人格理论的道德思想是弗洛伊德将精神分析理论运用至社会文化中的标志。弗洛伊德的道德人格思想生成于西方哲学的观念与人格、心灵、意识、幸福等的研究。基于无意识理论，弗洛伊德基于无意识提出了人格理论中的道德思想。而这种道德思想的发展与培养在弗洛伊德看来并非是一帆风顺的。在弗洛伊德看来，人格理论中的道德思想之所以得以发展，就在于对于人的本能欲望的压制。因此，弗洛伊德在《图腾与禁忌》中对于人格理论的道德思想的起源进行了深刻剖析，认为道德起源于“禁忌”，只有对于自身欲望进行充分压制，才能够使得道德人格得以顺利培养。
The moral thought of Freud’s personality theory is the symbol of Freud’s application of psychoana-lytic theory to social culture. Freud’s thought of moral personality is generated from the concept of western philosophy and the study of personality, mind, consciousness, happiness, and so on. Based on the unconscious theory, Freud proposed the moral thought in the personality theory based on the unconscious. The development and cultivation of this kind of moral thought is not smooth sail-ing in Freud’s view. According to Freud, the development of moral thought in personality theory lies in the suppression of human’s instinctive desire. Therefore, Freud made a profound analysis of the origin of moral thought in the theory of personality in Totems and Taboos, believing that morality originates from “taboos” and that only by fully suppressing one’s own desires can moral personality be cultivated smoothly.