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基于土地利用与水资源变化的和田河流域绿洲适宜规模分析
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Abstract:
随着经济的快速发展，和田河流域耕地与绿洲发展规模不断扩大，探究和田河流域土地发展与绿洲演变对其可持续发展具有重要意义。本文采用遥感数据、土地利用转移矩阵和水热平衡法等方法，探究和田河流域土地利用格局与绿洲演变、绿洲适宜规模及耕地适宜面积。结果表明：1) 1990~2020年，流域内耕地和草地面积增加和未利用地面积减少十分显著，并且明显转化为其他土地类型。期间耕地面积增长率高达36.12%，未利用地共减少1435.99 km2。2) 期间流域内绿洲面积增加了454.11 km2，2000~2010年显著增加。3) 在“绿度”取值0.75和1时，适宜绿洲规模分别为4381.40 km2和5841.87 km2，适宜耕地面积范围则分别在1314.40~1752.53 km2和1752.53~2336.73 km2。随着流域耕地和绿洲规模不断扩张，需要科学推进绿洲发展，建设高标准节水农田。
The development scale of arable land and oasis in Hotan River basin is expanding with the rapid economic development, and it is of great significance to explore the land development and oasis evolution for its sustainable development. In this paper, the remote sensing data, land use transfer matrix and water-heat balance method are used to explore the land use pattern and oasis evolution in the Hotan River basin, the suitable scale of oasis and the suitable area of arable land. The results show that: 1) From 1990 to 2020, the increase in the area of cultivated land and grassland and the decrease in the area of unutilized land are very significant, and they are obviously transformed into other land types. During this period, the growth rate of arable land area was as high as 36.12%, and the unutilized land area decreased by 1435.99 km2. 2) The oasis area of the basin increased by 454.11 km2 during the period, and the oasis area in-creased significantly from 2000 to 2010. 3) When the value of “greenness” is 0.75 and 1, the suitable size of oasis is 4381.40 km2 and 5841.87 km2 respectively, and the suitable area of cultivated land ranges from 1314.40~1752.53 km2 and 1752.53~2336.73 km2 respectively. As the size of arable land and oases con-tinues to expand, it is necessary to scientifically promote the development of oases and build high-standard water-saving farmland.
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