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长江中游典型支流水功能区纳污能力计算研究——以举水流域新洲区为例
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Abstract:
科学认识、合理分析水域纳污能力变化对促进污染减排、实现水功能区限制纳污红线管理至关重要。本文以举水为研究对象，考虑长江水位变化影响，构建了举水下游河段一维水动力模型，并结合相关规范及文献资料，选取COD、NH3-N作为污染物控制指标，采用河流一维模型估算举水新洲区段各功能区容纳污染物的能力，在此基础上量化了三峡水库调蓄影响下各功能区纳污能力的变化情况。结果表明，三峡水库蓄水对各水功能区影响程度不同，上段保留区的纳污能力不受影响；保证率为75%、50%时，蓄水后与蓄水前相比，开发利用区与下段保留区纳污能力有所提高；保证率为90%时，蓄水后与蓄水前相比，开发利用区与下段保留区纳污能力有所降低，距离下游出口越近，对水功能区纳污能力的影响越大。
Scientific understanding and appropriate analysis of the change of water pollution carrying capacity are very important to promote pollution reduction and the red line management of water function area. In this paper, taking the Jushui River as the research object, considering the influence of the water level change of the Yangtze River, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the lower reaches of the Jushui River is constructed. Combined with the relevant specifications and literature, COD and NH3-N are selected as the pollutant control indicators, and the one-dimensional model of the river is used to calculate the pollutant carrying capacity of each water functional area in Xinzhou District of Jushui River. On this basis, the changes in pollutant carrying capacity of each functional area under the influence of Three Gorges Reservoir regulation and storage are quantified. The results show that the Three Gorges Reservoir im-poundment has different degrees of influence on each water function area, and the pollutant holding ca-pacity of the upper reserved area is not affected. When the guarantee rate is 75% and 50%, the pollutant holding capacity of the development and utilization area and the lower reserved area increases after im-poundment compared with that before impoundment. When the guarantee rate is 90%, the pollutant holding capacity of the development and utilization area and the lower reserved area decreases after im-poundment compared with that before impoundment. The influence on the pollutant holding capacity of the water function area is greater in the area closed to the downstream outlet.
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