绝境：《第二十二条军规》对现代死亡观的解构
Aporia: Deconstructing the Modern Concept of Death in “Catch-22”

颠覆是解构的灵魂。在现代社会语境下，死亡的内在本质受到破坏，被视为对个体存在的干扰和破坏，而被置于生命的对立面，死亡的意义也从而被最小化。本文援引德里达“绝境(aporia)”的概念，旨在阐明《第二十二条军规》，在死亡情感和死亡情感的表征这两个层面展开了一出死亡的绝境，一个无处可逃之地。然而，绝境并非是对死亡的压制和贬斥，而是对未来的思考和召唤。小说通过“绝境”的结构体现出对还原死亡实质的尝试，使现代性语境下个体生命优于死亡的中心位置得到消解，从而呈现出一种后现代书写特征。
Subversion is the essence of deconstruction. In the context of modern society, the intrinsic essence of death has been disrupted, regarded as an interference and disruption to individual existence, and placed in opposition to human life; thereby, the significance of death has been minimized. This paper employs Derrida’s concept of “aporia” to elucidate how “Catch-22” unfolds as an “aporia” in both the internal and external aspects. Yet, the aporia is not a suppression or derogation of death; rather, it serves as a contemplation and a summon to the future. The novel’s structural employment of “aporia” reflects an attempt to elucidate the essence of death, undermining the centrality of individual life over death in the context of modernity and thereby displaying a postmodern writing characteristic.