高校排球不同专位运动员的损伤现状与预防策略研究——以福建师范大学为例
Research on Injury Status and Prevention Strategy of Volleyball Players of Different Specialties in Universities—Taking Fujian Normal University as an Example

高校排球是我国排球运动可持续发展的重要环节。对于高校排球运动员的培养更是关系到我国排球事业兴衰发展的战略性问题，而运动损伤是制约运动员竞技能力和运动水平提高的重要影响因素。本文以福建师范大学运动训练专业75名排球专项运动员作为研究对象。通过对相关文献资料的查阅和整理，分析了福建师范大学运动训练专业排球专项运动员的基本情况，对排球专项运动员整体损伤情况、不同专位损伤情况、不同专位损伤部位进行了研究和分析，最后针对排球专项运动员运动损伤提出了预防与恢复策略。研究结果如下：1) 福建师范大学运动训练专业排球专项运动员整体出现运动损伤的比例较大，达到80%。男子运动员损伤比例高于女子运动员；2) 运动员运动损伤的专位特征较为明显：主要参与进攻的专位运动员运动损伤比例远远高于其他运动员。损伤比例依次为接应二传、主攻、副攻、二传、自由人。不同专位运动员在易损伤部位也有所不同：主攻为肩关节和腰部，副攻为膝关节和指关节，接应二传为腰部和肩关节，二传为腰部和指关节，自由人为膝关节和踝关节；3) 当前运动员对于出现运动损伤后的处理措施和意识相对薄弱，多数为简单的自行处置，缺乏主动就医和寻求专业机构、人员帮助的意识，导致大部分运动员在出现运动损伤后难以完全康复的情况；4) 可以从体育意识、体育行为、身体素质方面入手采取一定的措施帮助运动员有效预防运动损伤的产生。
Volleyball in colleges and universities is an important link for the sustainable development of vol-leyball in China. The training of college volleyball athletes is a strategic issue related to the rise and fall of China’s volleyball career, and sports injuries are an important influencing factor limiting the athletes’ competitive ability and sports level improvement. In this paper, 75 volleyball special athletes of Fujian Normal University majoring in athletic training were used as the research objects. Through the review and arrangement of relevant literature, the basic situation of volleyball special athletes in sports training majors of Fujian Normal University was analyzed, the overall injury situation of volleyball special athletes, the injury situation of different special positions, and the injury parts of different special positions were studied and analyzed, and finally the prevention and recovery strategies were proposed for sports injuries of volleyball special athletes. The results of the study are as follows: 1) The overall proportion of athletes with sports injuries in volleyball specialties in Fujian Normal University is larger, reaching 80%. The proportion of injuries was higher in male athletes than in female athletes; 2) The special position characteristics of athletes’ sports injuries are more obvious: the proportion of sports injuries of special position athletes who are mainly involved in offense is much higher than other athletes. The damage ratio is in order of the opposite spiker, main attacker, assistant attacker, setter and libero. The injury-prone areas also vary among athletes in different specialties. Shoulder and waist for the main attacker, knee and knuckle for the assistant attacker, waist and shoulder for the opposite spiker, waist and knuckle for the setter, and knee and ankle for the libero; 3) The current athletes for the emergence of sports injuries after the treatment measures and awareness is relatively weak, most of them are simple