Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Profiles of Hypertensive Emergencies in the Cardiology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital (Conakry)
Introduction:Hypertensive emergencies are a reality in the cardiology department of
the Ignace Deen National Hospital. The aim of this study was to determine the
clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of hypertensive emergencies in
the cardiology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital. Methods: This was a longitudinal descriptive study of patients admitted to the cardiology
department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital for hypertensive emergencies,
over a period of six (6) months from 1 October 2020 to 31 March 2021. Results: Among the 638 patients admitted to the cardiology department during the study
period, 102 cases of hypertensive emergencies were identified, representing a
frequency of 15.99%. The mean age of the patients was 56.65 ± 13.33 years, with
extremes of 23 and 90 years, and the sex ratio was 1.91 in favour of men. The
associated cardiovascular risk factors were: age (76.47%), smoking (41.18%),
sedentary lifestyle (31.37%), obesity (16.67%), dyslipidaemia (12.75%),
diabetes (11.76%) and excessive alcohol consumption (11.76%). The various
clinical pictures found were: acute pulmonary oedema 39 cases (38.23%), acute
coronary syndrome 31 cases (30.39%), stroke 17 cases (16.67%), hypertensive
encephalopathy 11 cases (10.78%), acute renal failure 3 cases (2.94%) and
aortic dissection 1 case (0.98%). The drugs used on admission were calcium
antagonists (Nicardipine 10mg) in 58 cases (56.86%), diuretics (Furosemide
20mg) in 44 cases (43.13%), nitrates (Risordan 20mg) in 39 cases (38.23%) and
beta-blockers in 31 cases (30.39%). In terms of outcome, 88 (86.27%) patients
had improved. However, 12 (11.76%) deaths were recorded. Conclusion: Hypertensive emergencies are a worrying condition with a high prevalence in the
cardiology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital.
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