老年衰弱前期住院患者孤独感的现状及影响因素研究
To Study the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Loneliness in Elderly Inpatients with Pre-Frailty

目的：了解老年衰弱前期住院患者的孤独感现况，分析其影响因素，为干预方案的制定提供参考依据，以期改善老年患者不良的心理情绪。方法：采用便利抽样法，选取2020年11月至2021年1月贵阳市某三级甲等医院老年科200例住院患者作为研究对象，采用衰弱量表、孤独感量表、社会支持评定量表及一般资料问卷进行调查。结果：老年衰弱前期住院患者的孤独感得分为(48.22 ± 8.5)分，处于中重度水平；多因素分析结果显示，年龄、婚姻状况、居住情况、性格特征、社会支持情况是老年衰弱前期住院患者孤独感的重要影响因素。结论：老年衰弱前期住院患者的孤独感处于中重度水平，受多种因素影响，现状不容乐观，需进一步改善，后期可从心理、运动、提高社会支持等方面制定干预，从而减轻老年患者的孤独感水平，提高其生活质量。
Objective: To understand the loneliness status of elderly patients with prefrailty and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for the formulation of intervention programs, so as to improve the negative psychological mood of elderly patients. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 200 inpatients in the geriatric department of a tertiary hospital in Guiyang from November 2020 to January 2021 as the research object. Frailty Scale, Loneliness Scale, Social Support Rating Scale and General Information Questionnaire were used to investigate. Results: The score of loneliness was (48.22 ± 8.5), which was at the moderate to severe level. The results of multivariate analysis showed that age, marital status, living conditions, personality characteristics and social support were important influencing factors of loneliness in elderly inpatients with prefrailty. Conclusions: The loneliness of elderly patients with prefrailty is at a moderate to severe level, which is affected by many factors and needs to be further improved. The intervention should be made from the aspects of psychology, exercise and improving social support, so as to reduce the loneliness level of elderly patients and improve their quality of life.