健康老龄化背景下我国渐进延迟退休政策的可行路径探析
On the Feasible Path of Gradual Delay Retirement Policy in China under the Background of Healthy Aging

日益严重的老龄化问题加剧了对退休年龄与养老金等财政支出的双重冲击，宏观经济长期低迷、失业率居高不下使得西方发达国家受到了越来越大的考验，经济化、全球化所带来的社会新危机也使得西方国家越来越需要改变养老结构，所以推迟退休年龄、延缓退休已成为全球经济社会发展的必然趋势。通过对日本和美国推迟退休制度实践情况的探析，可以发现日美等发达国家将推迟退休改革重点在上调退休年龄、引入弹性退休金制度、逐步改变养老体制、积极推动中高龄就业等方面。因此，本文在积极实施健康老龄化战略背景下，基于日美延迟退休制度的实践经验，探讨我国推进渐进延迟退休政策的可行路径。
The increasingly serious aging problem intensifies the double impact on the financial expenditure such as retirement age and pension. The long-term macroeconomic downturn and high unemployment rate have put Western developed countries under increasing test. The new social crisis brought about by economic globalization also makes it increasingly necessary for Western countries to change the pension structure. Therefore, postponing retirement age and delaying retirement has become an inevitable trend of global economic and social development. Through the analysis of the practice of the delayed retirement system in Japan and the United States, it can be found that developed countries such as Japan and the United States will focus on raising the retirement age, introducing the flexible pension system, gradually changing the pension system, and actively promoting the employment of middle-aged and elderly people. Therefore, under the background of actively implementing the strategy of healthy aging and based on the practical experience of the delayed retirement system in Japan and the United States, this paper discusses the feasible path to promote the gradual delayed retirement policy in China.