社会组织参与应急管理研究——以H大校友会为例
Social Organizations Participate in Emergency Management Research—Taking the University of H Alumni Association as an Example

近年来，中央应急管理部、民政部相继出台政策条例支持社会组织参与应急管理，本文以在重大公共卫生突发事件中积极参与应急管理的H大校友会为例，探讨社会组织在应急管理中的作用机制、挑战，并提出促进社会组织进一步参与的建议。研究发现，社会组织通过广泛发动能人效应，利用丰富社会资本而提供应急支援服务。但在实际中仍存在职能边界不清晰、合法性不足、资金人员不稳定以及依赖外部支持等困境挑战。对此，提出深化协同治理观念，进一步完善社会组织参与应急管理的法律法规，社会组织内部加强建设管理等建议。
In recent years, the Ministry of Emergency Management and the Ministry of Civil Affairs have successively issued policies and regulations to support the participation of social organizations in emergency management, and this paper takes the University of H Alumni Association that actively participates in emergency management in major public health emergencies as an example to discuss the role mechanism and challenges of social organizations in emergency management, and puts forward suggestions to promote the further participation of social organizations. The study found that social organizations provide emergency support services by widely mobilizing the ability effect and using rich social capital. However, in practice, there are still difficult challenges such as unclear functional boundaries, insufficient legitimacy, unstable funding personnel, and dependence on external support. In this regard, suggestions are put forward to deepen the concept of collaborative governance, further improve the laws and regulations on social organizations’ participation in emergency management, and strengthen construction management within social organizations.