唐代敦煌莫高窟对现代设计的启示
Tang Dynasty Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Inspiration for Modern Design

本文从历史背景、窟形变化、佛像变化、经变画等角度去探究唐代敦煌莫高窟的与众不同，简述其对现代设计的启示。这个时代是一个繁荣的时代，也让我们领略到了敦煌莫高窟最绚烂的时光。仅唐一代在莫高窟所建的洞窟就达千余个，现在存留的有240余个，占莫高窟南区现存洞窟总数近二分之一。唐代虽说是一整个朝代，但这个强盛时代不能只用一段时代概括，初唐(618~705)，盛唐(705~781)，中唐(781~848)，晚唐(848~907)各有千秋，这个朝代给我们的宝藏是不可估量的。在现代设计中，对空间设计、服饰设计、装饰画设计有很大的启示。敦煌莫高窟的彩塑、壁画、飞天艺术、乐舞艺术、建筑艺术等都是对唐时代风情很好的表现方式。敦煌莫高窟的壁画和着色的泥塑在唐朝时期取材范围更广，其人物形象更加栩栩如生，充满生命力，在整体构图上更加丰富饱满具有表现力，对现代雕塑设计有极大影响。在唐代，敦煌莫高窟的发展达到繁盛高潮，形成独特的洞窟及塑像风格，其经变画也独具特色。唐代的政治治理与经营、对外的交流也对敦煌莫高窟的发展造成重要影响，其风格与审美特点均有一定改变。研究唐代敦煌莫高窟具有重要的历史意义和艺术追求，对现代设计有十分积极影响。
This paper explores the uniqueness of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in the Tang Dynasty from the perspectives of historical background, cave shape changes, Buddha statue changes, and warp paintings, and briefly describes their enlightenment to modern design. This era is a prosperous era, and it also allows us to appreciate the most splendid time of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. More than 1,000 caves were built in the Mogao Grottoes in the Tang Dynasty alone, and more than 240 remain today, accounting for nearly half of the total number of existing caves in the southern area of Mogao Grottoes. Although the Tang Dynasty was a whole dynasty, this powerful era cannot be summarized in just one era, the early Tang Dynasty (618~705), the Sheng Tang (705~781), the Middle Tang (781~848), and the late Tang (848~907) each had their own merits, and the treasures this dynasty gave us were immeasurable. In modern design, there is great enlightenment for space design, clothing design, and decorative painting design. The painted sculptures, murals, flying art, music and dance art, and architectural art of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are all good expressions of the style of the Tang Dynasty. The murals and coloring clay sculptures of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes were taken from a wider range of materials during the Tang Dynasty, and their figures were more vivid and full of vitality, and were richer, more expressive in the overall composition, which had a great influence on modern sculpture design. In the Tang Dynasty, the development of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes reached a prosperous climax, forming a unique style of caves and statues, and its warp paintings are also unique. The political governance and management of the Tang Dynasty and foreign exchanges also had an important impact on the development of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, and their style and aesthetic characteristics have changed to a certain extent. The study of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in the Tang Dynasty has important historical significance and artistic pursuit, and has a very positive impact on modern