|
|
游戏对个体执行功能的积极影响
|
Abstract:
随着个体的成长和发展，执行功能已成为诸多国内外学者研究的主题，信息化技术和游戏的迅速普及，研究者逐渐开始关注游戏对不同类型群体执行功能的影响。先前大多数的研究关注游戏对个体成长产生的攻击等负面影响，通过对前人研究文献梳理，文章着重探讨对于不同年龄正常群体和某些执行功能患者康复不同游戏产生的积极影响。未来研究应进一步探讨在中国文化背景下如何理解游戏对个体产生的积极作用及实际应用研究，考察游戏类型及时长等特点，玩家在游戏中的性别及年龄差异，在扩展研究对象基础上，开发针对不同群体执行功能及特定方面的游戏。
With the growth and development of individuals, executive function has become the subject of many domestic and foreign scholars’ research, and with the rapid popularization of information technology and games, researchers have gradually begun to pay attention to the effects of games on the executive function of different types of groups. Most of the previous studies focused on the negative effects of games on individual growth, such as aggression. By combing the literature of previous studies, this paper focuses on the positive effects of different games on the rehabilitation of normal groups of different ages and patients with certain executive functions. Future research should further explore how to understand the positive effects of games on individuals in the context of Chinese culture and practical applications, examine the characteristics of game types and duration, and the gender and age differences of players in games, and develop games that target the executive functions and specific aspects of different groups based on the expansion of the study population.
| [1] | Roman, G.D., Ensor, R. and Hughes, C. (2016) Does Executive Function Mediate the Path from Mothers’ Depressive Symp-toms to Young Children’s Problem Behaviors? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 142, 158-170.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2015.09.022 |
| [2] | 肖啸, 周宗奎, 李卉. 4-6岁幼儿执行功能与学习表现的关系[J]. 心理研究, 2015, 8(1): 20-25+30. |
| [3] | Hedden, T., Gabrieli, J.D.E., et al. (2004) Insights into the Ageing Mind: A View from Cognitive Neuroscience. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5, 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1323 |
| [4] | Luria, A.R. (1966) Higher Cortical Functions in Man. Basic Books, New York. |
| [5] | Nigg, J.T. (2017) Annual Research Review: On the Relations among Self-Regulation, Self-Control, Executive Functioning, Effortful Control, Cognitive Control, Impulsivity, Risk-Taking, and Inhibition for Developmental Psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58, 361-383. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12675 |
| [6] | Devine, R.T., Ribner, A. and Hughes, C. (2019) Measuring and Predicting Indi-vidual Differences in Executive Functions at 14 Months: A Longitudinal Study. Child Development, 90, e618-e636. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13217 |
| [7] | 殷恒婵, 崔蕾, 潘家礼, 等. 改善不同类型学习困难小学生脑执行功能的运动干预方案开发与实证研究[J]. 武汉体育学院学报, 2018, 52(6): 78-89. |
| [8] | Banich, M.T. (2009) Executive Function: The Search for an Integrated Account. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18, 89-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01615.x |
| [9] | Sylvia, S.I.R., Fonseca-Pedrero, E. and Poch-Olivé, M.L. (2015) Early Development of Executive Functions: A Differential Study. Anales de Psicología, 31, 607-614. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.31.2.180711 |
| [10] | Hitch, G.J. (1986) Working Memory, Reading and Dyslexia. In: Ad-vances in Psychology, Volume 34, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 141-152. |
| [11] | O’Reilly, R.C. and Frank, M.J. (2006) Making Working Memory Work: A Computational Model of Learning in the Prefrontal Cortex and Basal Ganglia. Neural Computation, 18, 283-328. https://doi.org/10.1162/089976606775093909 |
| [12] | Collette, F. and Linden, M.V.D. (2002) Brain Imaging of the Central Executive Component of Working Memory. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 26, 105-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-7634(01)00063-X |
| [13] | Diamand, A. (2006) The Early Development of Executive Func-tions. In: Bialystok, E. and Craik, F.I.M., Eds., Lifespan Cognition Mechanisms of Change, Oxford Academic, New York, 70-95.
https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195169539.003.0006 |
| [14] | Staiano, A.E., Abraham, A.A. and Calvert, S.L. (2012) Competitive versus Cooperative Exergame Play for African American Adolescents’ Executive Function Skills: Short-Term Effects in a Long-Term Training Intervention. Developmental Psychology, 48, 337-342. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026938 |
| [15] | Verburgh, L., Konigs, M., Scherder, E.J.A., et al. (2014) Physical Exercise and Executive Functions in Preadolescent Children, Adolescents and Young Adults: A Meta-Analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48, 973-979.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-091441 |
| [16] | Achtman, R.L., Green, C.S. and Bavelier, D. (2007) Video Games as a Tool to Train Visual Skills. Restorative Neurology & Neuroscience, 26, 435-446. |
| [17] | Johann, V.E. and Julia, K. (2018) Validation of New Online Game-Based Executive Function Tasks for Children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 176, 150-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2018.07.009 |
| [18] | Tong, T., Chignell, M. and Deguzman, C.A. (2019) Using a Serious Game to Measure Executive Functioning: Response Inhibition Ability. Applied Neuropsychology: Adult, 28, 673-684.
https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2019.1683561 |
| [19] | Charsky, D. (2010) From Edutainment to Serious Games: A Change in the Use of Game Characteristics. Games & Culture, 5, 135-137. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412009354727 |
| [20] | Nouchi, R., Taki, Y., Takeuchi, H., et al. (2013) Brain Training Game Boosts Executive Functions, Working Memory and Processing Speed in the Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PLOS ONE, 8, e55518.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055518 |
| [21] | 李秀霞, 胖红雯, 田策, 等. Brain HQ视觉训练对卒中患者执行功能的作用[J]. 中国脑血管病杂志, 2016, 13(4): 178-181. |
| [22] | Oei, A.C. and Patterson, M.D. (2014) Playing a Puzzle Video Game with Changing Requirements Improves Executive Functions. Computers in Human Behavior, 37, 216-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.046 |
| [23] | 王元, 李柯, 盖笑松. 视频游戏训练对执行功能的迁移效应[J]. 心理科学, 2019, 42(4): 820-826. |
| [24] | Basak, C., Boot, W.R., Voss, M.W., et al. (2009) Can Training in a Real-Time Strategy Video Game Attenuate Cognitive Decline in Older Adults? Psychology and Aging, 23, 765-777. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013494 |
| [25] | Ferguson, C.J., Rueda, S.M., Cruz, A.M., et al. (2008) Violent Video Games and Aggression Causal Relationship or Byproduct of Family Violence and Intrinsic Violence Motivation? Criminal Justice and Behavior, 35, 311-332.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854807311719 |
| [26] | Gentile, D.A., Choo, H., Liau, A., et al. (2011) Pathological Video Game Use among Youths: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study. Pediatrics, 127, e319-e329. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-1353 |
| [27] | 盖笑松, 许洁, 闫艳, 等. 体感游戏促进儿童的执行功能: 运动强度和认知参与的作用[J]. 心理学报, 2021, 53(5): 505-514. |
| [28] | 康丹, 李飞燕, 文鑫, 等. 5-6岁潜在数学学习困难儿童数学和工作记忆的4周游戏训练效果[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2018, 32(6): 495-501. |
| [29] | 耿协鑫, 周宗奎, 魏华, 等. 视频游戏对成功老龄化的影响[J]. 心理科学进展, 2014(2): 295-303. |
| [30] | Stern, Y., Blumen, H.M., Rich, L.W., et al. (2011) Space Fortress Game Training and Executive Control in Older Adults: A Pilot Intervention. Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition, 18, 653-677.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2011.613450 |
| [31] | Whitlock, L.A., Mclaughlin, A.C. and Allaire, J.C. (2012) Individual Differences in Response to Cognitive Training: Using a Multi-Modal, Attentionally Demanding Game-Based Intervention for Older Adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 1091-1096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.01.012 |
| [32] | Carlson, M.C., et al. (2009) Executive Decline and Dysfunction Precedes Declines in Memory: The Women’s Health and Aging Study II. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 64, 110-117. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gln008 |
| [33] | 陈长香, 徐金献, 王尚书, 等. 体感互动游戏改善脑卒中患者记忆功能的效果[J]. 中国康复医学杂志, 2013, 28(7): 624-627. |
| [34] | 陈长香, 张敏, 张卫红, 等. 体感游戏训练改善脑卒中患者执行功能的效果分析[J]. 中华物理医学与康复杂志, 2014, 36(3): 211-213. |
| [35] | West, G.L., Konishi, K., Diarra, M., et al. (2018) Impact of Video Games on Plasticity of the Hippocampus. Molecular Psychiatry, 23, 1566-1574. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2017.155 |
| [36] | Ogletree, S.M. and Drake, R. (2007) College Students’ Video Game Participation and Perceptions: Gender Differences and Implications. Sex Roles, 56, 537-542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9193-5 |
| [37] | Bonanno, P. and Kommers, P.A.M. (2005) Gender Differences and Styles in the Use of Digital Games. Educational Psychology, 25, 13-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144341042000294877 |
| [38] | Looi, C.Y., Duta, M., Brem, A.K., et al. (2016) Combining Brain Stimulation and Video Game to Promote Long-Term Transfer of Learning and Cognitive Enhancement. Scientific Reports, 6, Article No. 22003.
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22003 |
