个人破产免责制度的本土化构建
Localization Construction of Personal Bankruptcy Exemption System

个人破产免责制度是指在个人破产程序终结之后，通过一定的制度和程序对债务人的剩余债务视情况豁免的制度。为了证成个人破产免责制度构建的正当性和必要性，首先，需要对个人破产免责的具体内涵进行论证，尤其是对“个人”、“破产免责”加以剖析。其次，要对个人破产免责的适用保障进行论证，其核心就在于不予免责的债务范围及法定情形，诸如美国、英国、德国、日本破产法上的典型情形。最后，证成我国的个人破产免责模式选择、不予免责债务范围。随着国家经济体制改革向纵深发展，调整个人债务关系法律制度不均衡的现象越来越凸显，社会债务体系对个人破产免责制度的需求强烈。我国若想建立相对完善、运行良好的个人破产免责制度绝非一日之功，这也是本文研究的意义和价值所在。
Personal bankruptcy exemption system refers to the system of exempting the debtor’s remaining debts according to the circumstances through certain systems and procedures after the conclusion of personal bankruptcy proceedings. In order to prove the legitimacy and necessity of the establishment of personal bankruptcy exemption system, first of all, it is necessary to demonstrate the specific connotation of personal bankruptcy exemption, especially to analyze “individual” and “bankruptcy exemption”. Secondly, to demonstrate the applicable protection of personal bank-ruptcy exemption, the core lies in the scope of non-exemption of debts and legal circumstances, such as the typical situation in the bankruptcy laws of the United States, Britain, Germany and Japan. Finally, it becomes our country’s personal bankruptcy exemption mode choice, not exemption debt range. With the deepening of the reform of the national economic system, the imbalance of the legal system to adjust the relationship between personal debt has become more and more promi-nent, and the social debt system has a strong demand for the exemption system of personal bank-ruptcy. If China wants to establish a relatively perfect and well-run personal bankruptcy exemption system is not a day’s work, which is also the significance and value of this paper.