分类考试背景下的高职招生制度：现状、问题与对策
The Enrollment System of Higher Vocational Education under the Background of Classified Examination: Current Situation, Problems and Countermeasures

分类考试招生有利于各类院校招收合适的生源，促进人才多样化的发展。研究在分析30个省份高等职业院校的招生制度基础上，总结出我国当前存在的五种高等职业招生模式和考试方式。总体来说，我国当前高职招生制度呈现出多样性、层级性、自主性的特点，同时也存在制定主体单一，考试内容和执行主体缺乏统一性与规范性，考试结果应用性不高，后续培养缺位等问题。据此本研究认为政府需要强化制度统筹，规范招生考试标准，因地制宜，做好综合性考量；政府与高职院校需完善招生制度建设，增强高职招生考试内容及录取流程等方面的科学性与规范化；同时积极探索以“学业水平考试 + 统一职教高考”为基础的高职招生考试模式，完善职业教育学前学后补习制度。
Classification examination enrollment is beneficial for various universities to recruit suitable stu-dents and promote the diversified development of talents. On the basis of analyzing the enrollment systems of higher vocational colleges in 30 provinces, the study summarizes five current enrollment models and examination methods for higher vocational colleges in China. Overall, the current high-er vocational enrollment system in China exhibits characteristics of diversity, hierarchy, and au-tonomy. At the same time, there are also problems such as a single formulation body, a lack of uni-formity and standardization in exam content and execution subjects, low applicability of exam re-sults, and a lack of follow-up training. Based on this, this study suggests that the government needs to strengthen institutional coordination, standardize enrollment and examination standards, adapt to local conditions, and take comprehensive consideration; the government and vocational colleges need to improve the construction of enrollment systems, and enhance the scientific and standardized content and admission process of vocational enrollment exams; at the same time, actively explore the vocational education enrollment examination model based on the “academic level examination + unified vocational education college entrance examination”, and improve the vocational education pre-school and after-school tutoring system.