宅基地三权分置改革地区实施困境和对策研究——以湖北省C村为例
The Implementation Difficulties and Countermeasures Research of the Reform of the Separation of Three Rights in Rural Homestead—Taking C Village, Hubei Province as an Example

土地是民生之本，自2015年起中央发布相关文件进行农村宅基地改革试点工作，并在2018年中央一号文件中明确提出推进农村宅基地三权分置，以期解决宅基地存在的历史遗留问题，并进一步推动农业农村农民新发展，助力城镇化进程和乡村振兴。要探究解决方案，需从具体实践出发，以实地走访和文献分析为基础，从当地三权分置改革的内容、措施与成果了解改革现状。探究试点地区的改革困境，主要体现为改革的具体实施推行难和市场薄弱。并对其进行成因分析，认识到当地改革机制与市场扩大方面的缺陷。针对该地改革所遇阻碍借鉴其他地区的有效经验，为当地村集体完善改革方案，落实改革措施，促进当地经济发展提供思路。农村宅基地改革是一项系统性、综合性、协同性很强的工程，如何在这一过程中发挥村集体职能，调动当地村民的参与积极性，完善改革机制，并因地制宜利用当地特色资源刺激宅基地市场交易，都是当前急需解决的问题。
Land is the foundation of people’s livelihood, since 2015, the central government has issued relevant documents for the pilot reform of rural homestead, and clearly proposed to promote the separation of the three rights of rural homestead in 2018, in order to solve the problems left over from the history and further promote the new development of agriculture, village and farmers, advancing the urbanization process and rural revitalization. To explore the solution, it is necessary to start from the specific practice. On the basis of field visits and literature analysis, we understand the current situation of the reform from the content, measures and achievements. To explore the reform difficulties in the pilot areas, they are mainly reflected in the specific implementation and weak market. The paper analyzes the causes of the reform, and recognizes that the defects of the local reform mechanism and market expansion are the main reasons of these setbacks. In view of the obstacles encountered in the reform in this area, the effective experience of other areas is used for reference, which provides ideas for the local village collective to improve the reform plan, implement the reform measures, and promote the local economic development. Rural homestead reform is a highly systematic, comprehensive and collaborative project. How to give full play to village collective functions in this process, mobilize the enthusiasm of local villagers, improve the reform mechanism, and use local characteristic resources to stimulate homestead market transactions according to local conditions are all problems that need to be solved urgently.