重读《德意志意识形态》——基于生命政治学维度
A Rereading of “German Ideology”—Based on Biopolitics Dimension

生命政治学作为一种后现代的政治批判理论，其批判维度彰显了资本主义生产逻辑下生命权力受到的异化和扭曲。马克思主义与生命政治学分别揭示了不同时期资本生产方式与权力形态的演变，回溯经典马克思主义理论中的生命政治思想对于理解当代资本主义的社会批判形式演变和实现人的解放具有重要意义。在《德意志意识形态》中，马克思主义的生命政治批判维度蕴含于其历史唯物主义的方法论中，马克思基于现实中处于一定生产关系下的、有生命的人为前提，通过揭示资本主义生产条件下分工问题对工人阶级生命造成的悲惨状况，把生命政治批判的出路指向了共产主义道路。
The biopolitics is a post-modern political critical theory whose critical dimension highlights the alienation and distortion of the biopower under the logic of capitalist production. Marxism and bio-politics reveal the evolution of the mode of production and the form of power of capital in different periods, respectively. Retracing the biopolitical ideas in classical Marxist theory is important for understanding the evolution of social-critical forms of contemporary capitalism and achieving hu-man emancipation. In the “German Ideology”, the biopolitical dimension of Marxism is embedded in its historical materialist methodology. Based on the premise that there are living human beings under certain relations of production in reality, Marx points the way out of the biopolitical critique to the communist path by revealing the miserable condition of working class life caused by the problem of division of labour under capitalist conditions of production.