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快速充电条件下的电池热管理研究进展
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Abstract:
为促进生态环境的可持续发展，发展新能源汽车已成为各国的共识。与传统汽车相比，较长的充电时间制约了新能源汽车的进一步推广。快速充电是解决这一问题的关键技术，但大倍率地充放电会使电池在短时间内产生大量热量，对电池热管理系统提出了更高的要求。本文介绍了锂电池产热机理和模型，总结了新能源汽车快速充电条件下电池热管理研究现状，比较了空气冷却系统、液体冷却系统、相变冷却系统和热管冷却系统在大倍率充放电时的优缺点，讨论了各种热管理系统的发展趋势，分析指出了快速充电条件下动力电池热管理中有待进一步研究的问题。提出使用多种散热方式相耦合的热管理系统，在提高系统散热速率的同时维持电池模组的温度均匀性。
In order to promote the sustainable development of the ecological environment, the development of new energy vehicles has become the consensus of all countries. Compared with traditional vehicles, the longer charging time restricts the further promotion of new energy vehicles. Fast charging is the key technology to solve this problem, but the large rate of charging and discharging will make the battery generate a lot of heat in a short time, which puts forward higher requirements for the bat-tery thermal management system. This paper introduces the heat generation mechanism and model of lithium batteries, summarizes the research status of battery thermal management under the condition of fast charging of new energy vehicles, compares the advantages and disadvantages of air cooling system, liquid cooling system, phase change cooling system and heat pipe cooling sys-tem in large rate charging and discharging, discusses the development trend of various thermal management systems, and analyzes and points out the problems that need further research in thermal management of power batteries under fast charging conditions. A thermal management system coupled with multiple heat dissipation methods is proposed to improve the heat dissipation rate of the system while maintaining the temperature uniformity of the battery module.
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