陆基特种车辆光学窗口防护技术研究
Research on Optical Window Protection Technology for Land-Based Special Vehicles

路基特种车辆光学窗口在复杂电磁环境下，内部的电子设备面临电磁干扰等问题，本论文针对窗口综合防护的需求，采用CST仿真优化设计了电磁屏蔽薄膜材料的材质、结构单元等参数，并且通过样件制备测试，实测结果与仿真结果吻合。以电磁屏蔽薄膜功能层为基础，进一步将除霜除雾功能和近距离防枪击防弹等功能复合设计，最终设计出厚度为37 mm，电磁屏蔽效能 ≥ 40 dB (2 MHz~5 GHz)，加热功率密度740.475 W/m2，防弹性能满足53式7.62 mm口径，100 m射距，3发不击穿，透光率 ≥ 70%的要求，同时通过样件制备试验验证，结果与设计结果一致。采用导电涂料的电连续设计，实现了路基装备光窗窗口防护技术工程化应用目标。
In complex electromagnetic environments, the electronic devices inside the optical window of special vehicles on the roadbed face electromagnetic interference and other issues. In this paper, in response to the demand for comprehensive window protection, CST simulation was used to optimize the design of the material, structural units, and other parameters of the electromagnetic shielding film material. Through sample preparation testing, the measured results are consistent with the simulation results. Based on the functional layer of the electromagnetic shielding film, a composite design is further developed for defrosting and mist removal functions, as well as closerange gunshot and bulletproof functions. The final design has a thickness of 37.5 mm, an electromagnetic shielding efficiency ≥ 40 dB (2 MHz~5 GHz), a heating power density of 740.475 W/m2, and bulletproof performance by the requirements of 7.62 mm caliber, 100m shooting distance, 3 rounds of nonbreakdown, and transmittance ≥ 70%, and has been verified through sample preparation tests, The results are consistent with the design results. The electrically continuous design using conductive coatings has achieved the engineering application goal of light window protection technology for roadbed equipment.