|
|
猴痘的研究进展
|
Abstract:
猴痘是由猴痘病毒引起的人畜共患疾病。自2022年来，全球多国不断出现猴痘疫情，尤其在猴痘病毒非流行地区，猴痘感染者仍不断增加，其严重威胁人类的健康，影响人类生活，并且由于人们对猴痘的认识不足，给猴痘的临床诊疗带来一定困难。本文通过对猴痘病毒特征、猴痘流行情况、猴痘诊断及药物治疗进展作进一步综述，为广大医务工作者及相关人员的临床医防工作提供参考依据。
Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus. Since 2022, monkeypox outbreaks have been occurring in many countries around the world, especially in non-epidemic areas of mon-keypox virus, monkeypox infection is still increasing, which seriously threatens human health and affects human life, and because of people’s lack of understanding of monkeypox, monkeypox to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of some difficulties. In this paper, the characteristics of monkeypox virus, the epidemic situation of Monkeypox, the diagnosis of monkeypox and the progress of drug treatment were reviewed, to provide reference for the medical workers and related personnel in the clinical work of medical prevention.
| [1] | World Health Organization (WHO). 2022-2023 Mpox (Monkeypox) Outbreak: Global Trends.
https://worldhealthorg.shinyapps.io/mpx_global/ |
| [2] | Kugelman, J. R., Johnston, S. C., Mulembakani, P. M., Kisalu, N., Lee, M. S., Koroleva, G., et al. (2014) Genomic Variability of Monkeypox Virus among Humans, Democrat-ic Republic of the Congo. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 20, 232-239. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2002.130118 |
| [3] | World Health Organization. (WHO) (2022) Monkeypox.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/monkeypox |
| [4] | Jezek, Z., Szczeniowski, M., Paluku, K. M. and Mutombo, M. (1987) Human Monkeypox: Clinical Features of 282 Patients. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 156, 293-298. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/156.2.293 |
| [5] | Ulaeto, D., Agafonov, A., Burchfield, J., Carter, L., Happi, C., Jakob, R., Krpelanova, E., Kuppalli, K., Lefkowitz, E.J., Mauldin, M.R., et al. (2023) New Nomenclature for Mpox (Monkeypox) and Monkeypox Virus Clades. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 23,273-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00055-5 |
| [6] | Magnus, P.V., Andersen, E., Petersen, K., Birch-Ansersen, A., et al. (1959) A Pox-Like Disease in Cynomolgus Monkeys. Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica, 46, 156-176.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1959.tb00328.x |
| [7] | Ladnyj, I.D., Ziegler, P. and Kima, E. (1972) A Human Infection Caused by Monkeypox Virus in Basankusu Territory, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 46, 593-597. |
| [8] | Reed, K.D., Melski, J.W., Graham, M.B., Regnery, R.L., Sotir, M.J., Wegner, M.V., et al. (2004) The Detection of Monkeypox in Humans in the Western Hemisphere. The New England Journal of Medicine, 350, 342-350.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa032299 |
| [9] | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2022) Mpox Outbreak Global Map.
https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/response/2022/world-map.html |
| [10] | Khodakevich, L., Jezek, Z. and Kin-zanzka,K.(1986) Isolation of Monkeypox Virus from Wilds Quirrel Infected in Nature. Lancet, 1, 98-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90748-8 |
| [11] | Parker, S. and Buller, R.M. (2013) A Review of Experi-mental and Natural Infections of Animals with Monkeypox Virus between 1958 and 2012. Future Virology, 8, 129-157. https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl.12.130 |
| [12] | World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH). (2022) Casesofmpox (Monkeypox) Events in Animals Reported to WOAH since December 2022. https://www.woah.org/en/disease/monkeypox/#ui-id-3 |
| [13] | Seang, S., Burrel, S., Todesco, E., et al. (2022) Evi-dence of Human-to-Dog Transmission of Monkeypox Virus. Lancet, 400, 658-659. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01487-8 |
| [14] | Kisalu, N.K. and Mokili, J.L. (2017) Toward Understanding the Outcomes of Monkeypox Infection in Human Pregnancy. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 216, 795-797. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix342 |
| [15] | WHO. (2023) Multi-Country Outbreak of Mpox, External Situation Re-port.
https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/ |
| [16] | Brown, K. and Leggat, P.A. (2016) Human Monkeypox: Current State of Knowledge and Implications for the Future. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 1, Article 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed1010008 |
| [17] | Gessain, A., Nakoune, E. and Yazdanpanah, Y. (2022) Monkey-pox. The New England Journal of Medicine, 387, 1783-1793. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra2208860 |
| [18] | Harapan, H., Ophinni, Y., Megawati, D., Frediansyah, A., Mamada, S.S., Salampe, M., Bin Emran, T., Winardi, W., Fathima, R., Sirinam, S., et al. (2022). Monkeypox: A Comprehensive Review. Viruses, 14, Article 2155.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v14102155 |
| [19] | Patel, A., Bilinska, J., Tam, J.C.H., Da Silva Fontoura, D., Mason, C.Y., Daunt, A., Snell, L.B., Murphy, J., Potter, J., Tuudah, C., et al. (2022). Clinical Features and Novel Presentations of Human Monkeypox in a Central London Centre during the 2022 Outbreak: Descriptive Case Series. BMJ, 378, e072410. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072410 |
| [20] | Benites-Zapata, V.A., Ulloque-Badaracco, J.R., Alarcon-Braga, E.A., Hernandez Bustamante, E.A., Mosquera-Rojas, M.D., Bonilla-Aldana, D.K., and Rodriguez Morales, A.J. (2022) Clinical Features, Hospitalisation and Deaths Associated with Monkeypox: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 21, Article No. 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-022-00527-1 |
| [21] | WHO. (2022) Laboratory Testing for the Monkeypox Virus.
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MPX-laboratory-2022.1 |
| [22] | CDC. (2022) Test Procedure: Mon-keypox Virus Generic Real-Time PCR Test. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/119661 |
| [23] | Ribeiro da Silva, S.J., Paiva, M.H.S., Guedes, D.R.D., Krokovsky, L., Melo, F.L.d., Lopes da Silva, M.A., Silva, A.D., Ayres, C.F.J. and Pena, L.J. (2019) Development and Validation of Reverse Transcription Loopmediated Isothermal Amplification (RTLAMP) for Rapid Detection of ZIKV in Mosquito Samples from Brazil. Scientific Reports, 9, Article No. 4494. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40960-5 |
| [24] | Zhao, Z., Fan, B., Wu, G., Yan, X., Li, Y., Zhou, X., Yue, H., Dai, X., Zhu, H., Tian, B., et al. (2014). Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Specific and Rapid Detection of Differential Goat Pox Virus and Sheep Pox Virus. BMC Microbiology, 14, Article No. 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-14-10 |
| [25] | Sood, A., Sui, Y., McDonough, E., Santamaria-Pang, A., Al-Kofahi, Y., Pang, Z., Jahrling, P.B., Kuhn, J.H., and Ginty, F. (2020) Comparison of multiplexed Immunofluorescence Imaging to Chromogenic Immunohistochemistry of Skin Biomarkers in Response to Monkeypox Virus Infection. Viruses, 12, Article 787.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v12080787 |
| [26] | Karem, K.L., Reynolds, M., Braden, Z., Lou, G., Bernard, N., Patton, J. and Damon, I.K. (2005) Characterization of Acute-Phase Humoral Immunity to Monkeypox: Use of Immunoglobulin M Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Monkeypox Infection during the 2003 North American Outbreak. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 12, 867-872. https://doi.org/10.1128/CDLI.12.7.867-872.2005 |
| [27] | Townsend, M.B., MacNeil, A., Reynolds, M.G., Hughes, C.M., Olson, V.A., Damon, I.K. and Karem, K.L. (2013) Evaluation of the Tetracore Orthopox BioThreat Antigen Detection Assay Using Laboratory Grown Orthopoxviruses and Rash Illness Clinical Specimens. Journal of Virological Methods, 187, 37-42.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.08.023 |
| [28] | Parker, S., Nuara, A., Buller, R.M.L., et al. (2007) Human Monkeypox: An Emerging Zoonotic Disease. Future Microbiology, 2, 17-34. https://doi.org/10.2217/17460913.2.1.17 |
| [29] | Grosenbach, D.W., Jordan, R. and Hruby, D.E. (2011) Development of the Small-Molecule Antiviral ST-246 as a Smallpox Therapeutic. Future Virology, 6, 653-671. https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl.11.27 |
| [30] | EMA. (2022) Human Medicine European Public Assessment Report (EPAR): Tecovirimat SIGA.
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/tecovirimat-siga |
| [31] | Pauli, G., Blümel, J., Burger, R., Drosten, C., Gr？ner, A., Gürtler, L., et al. (2010) Orthopox Viruses: Infections in Humans. Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy, 37, 351-364. https://doi.org/10.1159/000322101 |
| [32] | Hudu, S.A., Alshrari, A.S., Al Qtaitat, A. and Imran, M. (2023) VP37 Protein Inhibitors for Mpox Treatment: Highlights on Recent Advances, Patent Literature, and Future Directions. Biomedicines, 11, Article 1106.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041106 |
| [33] | Adler, H., Gould, S., Hine, P., Snell, L.B., Wong, W., Houli-han, C.F., et al. (2022) Clinical Features and Management of Human Monkeypox: A retrospective Observational Study in the UK. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 22, 1153-1162.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00228-6 |
| [34] | Rao, A.K., Schulte, J., Chen, T.-H., Hughes, C.M., Da-vidson, W., Neff, J.M., et al. (2022) Monkeypox in a Traveler Returning from Nigeria—Dallas, Texas, July 2021. Mor-bidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 71, 509-516.
https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7114a1 |
| [35] | Matias, W.R., Koshy, J.M., Nagami, E.H., Kovac, V., Moeng, L.R., Shenoy, E.S., et al. (2022) Tecovirimat for the Treatment of Human Monkeypox: An Initial Series from Massa-chusetts, United States. Open Forum Infectious Disease, 9, ofac377. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac377 |
| [36] | Desai, A.N., Thompson, G.R., Neumeister, S.M., Arutyunova, A.M., Trigg, K. and Cohen, S.H. (2022) Compassionate Use of Tecovirimat for the Treatment of Monkeypox Infection. JAMA, 328, 1348-1350.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.15336 |
| [37] | Mailhe, M., Beaumont, A.-L., Thy, M., le Pluart, D., Perrineau, S., Houhou-Fidouh, N., et al. (2022) Clinical Characteristics of Ambulatory and Hospitalised Patients with Monkeypox Vi-rus Infection: An Observational Cohort Study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 29, 233-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2022.08.012 |
| [38] | Moschese, D., Giacomelli, A., Beltrami, M., Pozza, G., Mileto, D., Reato, S., et al. (2022) Hospitalisation for Monkeypox in Milan, Italy. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 49, Arti-cle ID: 102417.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102417 |
| [39] | Ambati, J., Wynne, K.B., Angerame, M.C. and Robinson, M.R. (1999) Anterior Uveitis Associated with Intravenous Cidofovir Use in Patients with Cytomegalovirus Retinitis. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 83, 1153-1158.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.83.10.1153 |
| [40] | Weinstein, R.A., Nalca, A., Rimoin, A.W., Bavari, S. and Whitehouse, C.A. (2005) Reemergence of Monkeypox: Prevalence, Diagnostics, and Countermeasures. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 41, 1765-1771.
https://doi.org/10.1086/498155 |
| [41] | Carmine, A.A., Brogden, R.N., Heel, R.C., Speight, T.M. and Avery, G.S. (1982) Trifluridine: A Review of Its Antiviral Activity and Therapeutic Use in the Topical Treatment of Viral Eye Infec-tions. Drugs, 23, 329-353.
https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198223050-00001 |
| [42] | Titova, K.A., Sergeev, A.A., Zamedyanskaya, A.S., Galahova, D.O., Kabanov, A.S.,Morozova, A.A., et al. (2015) Using ICR and SCID Mice as Animal Models for Smallpoxto Assess Antiviral Drug Efficacy. Journal of General Virology, 96, 2832-2843. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.000216 |
| [43] | Prichard, M.N. and Kern, E. R. (2012) Orthopoxvirus Targets for the Development of New Antiviral Agents. Antiviral Research, 94, 111-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.02.012 |
| [44] | Dash, S.R. and Kundu, C.N. (2023) Advances in Nanomedi-cine for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases Caused by Viruses. Biomaterials Science, 11, 3431-3449. |
| [45] | Abubakar, I.B., Kankara, S.S., Malami, I., Danjuma, J.B., Muhammad, Y.Z., Yahaya, H., et al. (2022) Traditional Medicinal Plants Used for Treating Emerging and Re-Emerging Viral Diseases in Northern Nigeria. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 49, Article ID: 102094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2021.102094 |
