Bangladesh is vulnerable to climate change-induced sea level rise due to
its location and socioeconomic position. The study examines the Beel Kapalia
region in polder no. 24 of the Monirampur upazila of Jessore district, Khulna
division. To assess local attitudes on sea level rise-related permanent
flooding, Kapalia, Monoharpur, Nehalpur, Balidaha, and Panchakori were polled.
This flooding has disrupted residents’ lifestyles, making them vulnerable to
increasing sea levels. Viability and adaptability were assessed using
livelihood capitals. Participants’ thoughts and knowledge about their resilience
in several livelihood factors were gathered using participatory rural appraisal
(PRA) instruments and a questionnaire survey in the area. Major discoveries
include the impact of permanent floods on Beel Kapalia’s livelihoods,
vulnerability and resilience assessments in numerous villages, and community
viewpoints on regional adaptation methods to mitigate these consequences. The
study found that a sustained 30.5 cm inundation would reduce local human,
natural, physical, financial, and social capital resilience to 69.6%, 30.7%,
69.1%, 68.9%, and 69.1%. A constant 61 cm inundation would lower resistance to
40.9%, 8.7%, 42.4%, 45.6%, and 43.8%. Residents believe they can weather a 30.5
cm inundation with local adaptation measures, but if the water level rises to
61 cm, they may be displaced.
References
[1]
IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) Climate Change: The Physical Science Basis, Summary for Policymakers, 10th Session of Working Group I of the IPCC, Paris.
[2]
Kabir, M.U., Islam, M.S., Nazrul, F.B. and Shahin, H.M. (2023) Comparative Stability and Behaviour Assessment of a Hill Slope on Clayey Sand Hill Tracts. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 71, 11-24. https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V71I1P202
[3]
Zaman, M.W., Mita, K.S., Al Azad, A., Hossain, R. and Ul, M. (2019) A Numerical Study on Slope Stability Analysis by Finite Element Method Using Femtij-2D Application. International Conference on Disaster Risk Management (ICDRM 2019), Dhaka, 12-14 January 2019.
[4]
Kabir, M.U., Hossain, S.A., Alam, M.D. and Azim, M.D. (2017) Numerical Analyses of the Karnaphuli River Tunnel. Master’s Thesis, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Gazipur.
[5]
Islam, S., Md. Shahin, H., Kabir, M.U. and Islam, M. (2013) Provision of Building Codes in the Context of Seismic Site Characterization and Liquefaction Susceptibility Assessment. International Journal of GEOMATE, 25, 50-58. https://doi.org/10.21660/2023.108.3795
[6]
Shahin, H.M., Kabir, M.U. and Islam, S. (2023) Seismic Hazard Analysis at Site Specific Condition: Case Study in Araihazar, Bangladesh. IUT Journal of Engineering and Technology, 15, 8-20.
[7]
Shahin, H.M., Kabir, M.U. and Islam, S. (2023) Comprehensive Study on CPT-Based Liquefaction Vulnerability Assessment: The Case Study of Araihazar, Bangladesh Monitoring. 2nd International Conference on Advances in Civil Infrastructure and Construction Materials, Dhaka, 26-28 July 2023, 119-128.
[8]
Al Shafian, S., Imtiyaz, M.N. and Emtiaz, M. (2023) A Finite Element Approach to Investigate the Deformation Behaviour in Deep Excavation for TBM Launching Shaft. International Journal of Civil Infrastructure, 6, 36-40. https://doi.org/10.11159/ijci.2023.005
[9]
Al Shafian, S., Imtiyaz, M.N. and Emtiaz, M. (2023) Deformation Behaviour Analysis Using Finite Element Method during Deep Excavation in Dhaka City. Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering (CSEE’23), Lisbon, 29-31 March 2023. https://doi.org/10.11159/icgre23.139
[10]
Shafian, S.A. and Sarwar, N. (2015) An Investigation of Concrete Properties with Polypropylene (Pp) as an Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate. Master’s Thesis, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur.
[11]
Emtiaz, M., Al Azad, A.A., Shahin, H.M. and Al Shafian, S. (2017) Numerical Analysis of a Reinforced Concrete Slab-Column Connection Subjected to Lateral & Vertical Loading. The Proceedings of the International Multi-Conference of Engineers and Computer Scientists, Hong Kong, 15-17 March 2017.
[12]
Brammer, H., Asaduzzaman M. and Sultana, P. (1993) Effects of Climate and Sea-Level Changes on the Natural Resources of Bangladesh. Briefing Document No. 3, Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (BUP), Dhaka.
[13]
World Bank (2000) Bangladesh: Climate Change & Sustainable Development. Report No. 21104 BD, Dhaka. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/906951468743377163/pdf/multi0page.pdf
[14]
Ahmed, A.U. and Alam, A. (1998) Global Circulation Modeling and Development of Future Climate Scenarios. Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change for Bangladesh, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
[15]
DOE: United States Department of Energy (1993) Assessment of Vulnerability of Coastal Areas to Sea Level Rise and Other Effects of Global Climate Change. Pilot Study for Bangladesh, Department of Environment, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
[16]
Agrawala, S., Ota, T., Ahmed, A.U., Smith, J. and Aalst, M.V. (2003) Development and Climate Change in Bangladesh: Focus on Coastal Flooding and the Sunderbans. OECD, Paris, 1-49.
[17]
Kabir, M.U., Sakib, S.S., Rahman, I. and Shahin, H.M. (2019) Performance of ANN Model in Predicting the Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations. In: Sundaram, R., Shahu, J. and Havanagi, V., Eds., Geotechnics for Transportation Infrastructure, Springer, Singapore, 695-703. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6713-7_55
[18]
Hoque, M.J., Bayezid, M., Sharan, A.R., Kabir, M.U. and Tareque, T. (2023) Prediction of Strength Properties of Soft Soil Considering Simple Soil Parameters. Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 13, 479-496. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojce.2023.133035
[19]
Hasnat, A., Ahmed, S.T., Mustafa, T., Chowdhury, M.S. and Prince, S.M. (2020) Improvement of Bearing Capacity of Clay Soil Using Fly Ash. AIUB Journal of Science and Engineering (AJSE), 19, 55-62. https://doi.org/10.53799/ajse.v19i2.85
[20]
Islam, M.J., Shafian, S.A. and Sarwar, N. (2016) Replacement of Traditional Coarse Aggregate. 3rd International Conference on Advances in Civil Engineering, Rome, 10-11 December 2015, 21-23.
[21]
Al Shafian, S., Talha, S.A., Hossain, M. and Shahin, H.M. (2021) Understanding the Effect of Degree of Saturation on Compressive Strength Behaviour for Reconstituted Clayey Soil of Dhaka. The 11th International Conference on Geotechnique, Construction Materials and Environment, Kyoto, 3-5 November 2021, 3-5.
[22]
Ahmad, K.I., Abrar, M., Al Shafian, S. and Shahin, H.M. (2018) Correlation among the Soil Parameters of the Karnaphuli River Tunnel Project. International Journal of GEOMATE, 15, 86-90. https://doi.org/10.21660/2018.48.7257
[23]
Ahmed, A.U. (2006) Climate Change Impact and Vulnerability. Climate Change Cell, Department of Environment, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
[24]
Karim, M. and Mimura, N. (2008) Impacts of Climate Change and Seal Level Rise on Cyclonic Storm Surges Floods in Bangladesh. Global Environmental Change, 18, 490-500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.05.002
[25]
Brecht, H., Dasgupta, S., Laplante, B., Murray, S. and Wheeler, D. (2012) Sea Level Rise and Storm Surges: High Stakes for a Small Number of Developing Countries. The Journal of Environment & Development, 21, 120-138. https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496511433601
[26]
Hasnat, A., Ahmed, S.T. and Ahmed, H. (2020) A Review of Utilizing Shape Memory Alloy in Structural Safety. AIUB Journal of Science and Engineering (AJSE), 19, 116-125. https://doi.org/10.53799/ajse.v19i3.111
[27]
Rahman, M. and Alam, K. (2016) The Impact of Natural Disasters on Women. A Case Study from Bangladesh. https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/74783/1/blogs.lse.ac.uk-The%20impact%20of%20natural%20disasters%20on%20women%20A%20case%20study%20from%20Bangladesh.pdf
[28]
Khadim, F., Kar, K., Halder, P., Rahman, M. and Morshed, A. (2013) Integrated Water Resources Management Impacts in Southwest Coastal Zone of Bangladesh and Fact Finding on Tidal River Management. Water Resource and Protection, 5, 953-961. https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2013.510098
[29]
Burton, I. (1997) Vulnerability and Adaptive Response in the Context of Climate and Climate Change. Climate Change, 36, 185-196. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005334926618
[30]
Smit, B. and Wandel, J. (2006) Adaptation, Adaptive Capacity and Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, 16, 282-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.03.008
[31]
Rashid, M.R. and Ashik, M. (2023) Evaluation of Physicochemical Treatment Technologies for Landfill Leachate Induced Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON). AEESP Research and Education Conference, Northeastern University, June 20-23, 2023. https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10431232-evaluation-physicochemical-treatment-technologies-landfill-leachate-induced-dissolved-organic-nitrogen-don
[32]
Binns, T., Hill, T. and Nel, E. (1997) Learning from the People: Participatory Rural Appraisal, Geography, and Rural Development in the ‘New’ South Africa. Applied Geography, 17, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-6228(96)00024-0
[33]
Cavestro, L. (2003) PRA-Participatory Rural Appraisal Concepts Methodologies and Techniques. Padova University, Padova. https://liberiafti.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/cavestro_participatory-rural-appraisal-concepts-methodologies-techniques.pdf
[34]
Rahman, MM., Argha, D.B.P. and Haque, M. (2018) Present Scenario of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Satkhira Municipality. International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development, Khulna, 9-10 February 2018. https://iccesd.com/proc_2018/Papers/r_p4734.pdf
[35]
Khan, T., Argha, D.B.P. and Anita, M.S. (2021) An Analysis of Existing Medical Waste Management and Possible Health Hazards in Jhenaidah Municipality. 2021 6th International Conference on Engineering Research, Innovation and Education (ICERIE 2021), 26-28 February 2021, 677-683.
[36]
Argha, D.B.P., Hasib, A. and Rahman, M. (2021) A Comparative Study on the Variation of Air Quality Index of Dhaka City before and after the Nationwide Lockdown Due to COVID-19. 6th International Conference on Engineering Research, Innovation and Education (2021), Sylhet, 26-28 February 2021, 453-470.
[37]
Hasib, A. and Argha, D.B.P. (2021) COVID-19: Lack of Coronavirus Wastes Management—An Upcoming Threat for the Megacity Dhaka. 2021 6th International Conference on Engineering Research, Innovation and Education, Sylhet, 26-28 February 2021, 1-8.
[38]
Argha, D.B.P. and Bari, Q. (2018) Extent of Efflorescence in a Brick Masonry Partition Wall of a Garage. 2018 4th International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development (ICCESD 2018), Khulna, 9-10 February 2018. https://iccesd.com/proc_2018/Papers/r_p4251.pdf
[39]
Chowdhury, O.S., Rashid, R. and Karim, M.R. (2019) E. Coli Removal Efficiency and Physical-Chemical Parameter Analysis of Mineral Pot Filters in Bangladesh. 2nd International Conference on Water and Environmental Engineering (iCWEE-2019), Dhaka, 19-22 January 2019, 1-8.
[40]
Karim, M.R., Khan, M.A.I., Chowdhury, O.S. and Niloy, R.R. (2018) Assessment of Various Methods to Remove Pathogen from Raw Water to Meet Who Standard for Domestic Consumption. 7th Brunei International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2018 (BICET 2018), Bandar Seri Begawan, 12-14 November 2018, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2018.1508
[41]
Niloy, M.R.R. and Chowdhury, O.S. (2017) Effectiveness of Household Water Treatment Technologies Based on WHO Guidelines. Master’s Thesis, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Gazipur.
[42]
Ahmed, M.A. and Redowan, M. (2023) Fate and Transport of the Biologically Treated Landfill Leachate Induced Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON). AEESP Research and Education Conference, Northeastern University, June 20-23, 2023. https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10431230-fate-transport-biologically-treated-landfill-leachate-induced-dissolved-organic-nitrogen-don
[43]
Roy, P., Ahmed, M.A. and Kumer, A. (2019) An Overview of Hygiene Practices and Health Risks Related to Street Foods and Drinking Water from Roadside Restaurants of Khulna City of Bangladesh. Eurasian Journal of Environmental Research, 3, 47-55. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ejere/issue/49620/590483
[44]
Roy, P., Ahmed, M.A., Islam, M.S., Azad, M.A.K., Islam, M.S. and Islam, M.R. (2020) Water Supply, Sanitation System and Water-Borne Diseases of Slum Dwellers of Bastuhara Colony, Khulna. 5th International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development (ICCESD 2020), Khulna, 7-9 February 2020. http://iccesd.com/proc_2020/Papers/ENV-4314.pdf
[45]
Roy, P., Ahmed, M.A. and Shah, M.H. (2021) Biogas Generation from Kitchen and Vegetable Waste in Replacement of Traditional Method and Its Future Forecasting by Using ARIMA Model. Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy, 3, 165-175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42768-021-00070-3
[46]
Ahmed, M.A., Roy, P., Bari, A. and Azad, M. (2019) Conversion of Cow Dung to Biogas as Renewable Energy through Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion by Using Silica Gel as Catalyst. 5th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Renewable Energy (ICMERE-2019), Chittagong, 11-13 December 2019, 163-167.
[47]
Ahmed, M.A., Roy, P., Shah, M.H., Argha, D.P., Datta, D. and Riyad, R.H. (2021) Recycling of Cotton Dust for Organic Farming Is a Pivotal Replacement of Chemical Fertilizers by Composting and Its Quality Analysis. Environmental Research and Technology, 4, 108-116. https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.815322
[48]
Ahmed, M.A., Hossain, M. and Islam, M. (2017) Prediction of Solid Waste Generation Rate and Determination of Future Waste Characteristics at South-western Region of Bangladesh Using Artificial Neural Network. KUET, Khulna.
[49]
Ahmed, M.A., and Moniruzzaman, S.M. (2018) A Study on Plastic Waste Recycling Process in Khulna City. 4th International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development (ICCESD 2018), Khulna, 9-10 February 2018. https://iccesd.com/proc_2018/Papers/r_p4227.pdf
[50]
Chowdhury, M.S.R., Rahman, M.A. and Sanzida, N. (2019) Optimizing the Coagulation Process in a Textile ETP Plant and Validation by Multiple Responses Optimization Using RSM Jar Test. International Conference on Mechanical, Industrial and Materials Engineering 2019 (ICMIME2019), 17-19 December 2019, Rajshahi, 488-493.
[51]
Ahmed, M.R., Ahmed, M.A., Islam, M. and Saha, S. (2018) Study on Rainwater Harvesting in Dacope Upazila, Khulna, Bangladesh. 4th International Conference on Advance in Civil Engineering (ICACE 2018), Chittagong, 19 December 2018, 150-155.
[52]
Rahman, I., Sakib, S.S., Nafiz, M.R.K., Alam, S. and Islam, M.R. (2018) A Study to Improve the Water Quality Parametrs of Three Major Rivers Surrounding the Capital City of Bangladesh through Coagulation. Eighth International Conference on Geotechnique, Construction Materials and Environment (GEOMATE 2018), Kuala lumpur, 20-22 November 2018, 896-901.
[53]
Riyad, R.H., Zubaer, A.R., Acharjee, R. and Fariya, T. (2023) Short-Term and Long-Term Aging Performance of Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) Modified Asphalt Binder. 2nd International Conference on Advances in Civil Infrastructure and Construction Materials, Dhaka, 26-28 July 2023, 11-19.
[54]
Adiba, A., Sadi, R. and Riyad, R.H. (2020) Effect of Waste Bones and GGBS as Modifier for Bitumen in Construction of Flexible Pavement. International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development, (ICCESD 2020), Khulna, 7-9 February 2020, 7-9. https://iccesd.com/proc_2020/Papers/TRE-4149.pdf
[55]
Moraes, R., Yin, F., Chen, C., Andriescu, A., Mensching, D.J. and Tran, N. (2023) Evaluation of Long-Term Oven Aging Protocols on Field Cracking Performance of Asphalt Binders Containing Reclaimed Asphaltic Materials (RAP/RAS). Road Materials and Pavement Design, 24, 437-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2023.2181004
[56]
Riyad, R.H., Amin, A., Sadi, R., Hasan, M.A. and Bhuiyan, M.K. (2021) Effects of Waste Bone, Fly Ash and GGBS as Modifier for Bitumen in Construction of Asphalt Pavement. International Conference on Planning, Architecture & Civil Engineering, Rajshahi, 9-11 September 2021, 251-256. https://icpaceruet.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ICPACE_2021_CE-138.pdf
[57]
Mitran, E., Sun, X. and Ahmed, S.T. (2023) Safety Effectiveness of Cable Median Barriers in Louisiana. Report Number: FHWA/LA.23/684. Louisiana Transportation Research Center.
[58]
Anik, M.A.H., Hossain, M., Raihan, M.A., Ahmed, S.T. and Rashid, M. (2020) Assessing Public Bus Comfort Perception of Bus Passengers in Dhaka, Bangladesh. 99th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, Washington DC, 12-16 January 2020.
[59]
Rashid, M., Ahmed, S., Kalam, N., Anik, M. and Hossain, M. (2018) Evaluation of Public Bus Comfort in Dhaka City. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Advances in Civil Engineering, Chittagong, 4-7 July 2018, 19-21.
[60]
Ahmed, T., Chowdhury, L.F., Sobhani, M.G., Islam, A.M., Al Shafian, S. and Majumder, M. (2023) Enhancing Urban Mobility: Exploring the Potential of Exclusive Motorcycle Lane Using VISSIM. Journal of Transportation Technologies, 13, 644-656. https://doi.org/10.4236/jtts.2023.134029
[61]
Karim, M.R., Sakib, B.S., Sakib, S.S. and Imteaz, M.A. (2021) Rainwater Harvesting Potentials in Commercial Buildings in Dhaka: Reliability and Economic Analysis. Hydrology, 8, Article 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8010009
[62]
Sakib, S.S., Sakib, B.S. and Karim, M.R. (2019) Rainwater Harvesting System for Commercial Building in Dhaka City: Reliability, Economic Benefit, Water and Energy Savings. 2nd International Conference on Water and Environmental Engineering (ICWEE-2019), Dhaka, 19-23 January 2019, 9-115.
[63]
Chowdhury, I.M., Rahman, I., Sakib, S.S., Hossain, K.I. and Shahid, S. (2018) Is Water Available in the Public Places Safe to Drink in Bangladesh? Eighth International Conference on Geotechnique, Construction Materials and Environment (GEOMATE 2018), Kuala lumpur, 20-22 November 2018, 890-895.
