Introduction: A congenital malformation is defined as a
morphological abnormality of an organ or body region resulting from
an abnormal developmental process during the formation of the embryo or fetus.
Depending on their type, location and size, malformations can cause functional,
psychological and aesthetic defects. The aim of this study is to document the
frequency of congenital malformations, describe the characteristics of
malformed newborns and their biological mothers, and identify the different
types of malformations presented by newborns at the INSE. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of clinically visible malformed newborns. It
was carried out from January 1, 2021 to January 1, 2022 at the INSE neonatology
unit. Epi info version 3.1 software was used for data entry and analysis. Results: Of a total of 2332 neonates hospitalized during the study period, 81 (3.5%)
cases had at least one clinically visible congenital malformation. Nearly 84%
had an age ≤ 7 days at the time of admission. The male sex was most concerned
(60.5%). Newborns referred by a health facility accounted for 84%.
Malformations of the digestive system accounted for 30.9% of cases, followed by
those of the limbs (19.8%) and poly malformative syndrome (19.8%). Conclusion: This study shows that congenital malformations exist and are frequent in
Guinea.Our results could therefore be the starting point for the future
establishment of a national register of congenital malformations.
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