This
comprehensive review paper explores various aspects of geotechnical
engineering, with a focus on the management of unstable terrains, numerical
methods for solving complex soil and consolidation problems, rheological
analysis of suspensions and muddy soils, and stability analysis of slopes. It
begins by examining the unique physicochemical properties of cohesive
sediments, including cohesion and specific surface area. The temporal evolution
of deposit concentration and average bed concentration in unstable terrains is
discussed, along with settling behavior of isolated particles and hindered
settling using empirical equations. Key sedimentation theories, such as Kynch’s
theory, and geotechnical consolidation theories, including Terzaghi’s consolidation
equation and Gibson’s theory, are presented. The investigation interrelates
these theories and principles to offer a holistic view of managing unstable
terrains. It also addresses the challenges associated with experimental
determination of constitutive relationships and presents alternative
simplification methods proposed by researchers. Additionally, it delves into
numerical methods for solving nonlinear partial differential equations
governing soil behavior, emphasizing the need for numerical frameworks and
discussing various techniques and associated challenges. The rheological
analysis section covers material flow behavior, rheological behavior models,
and the rheological properties of water and cohesive sediment mixtures.
Fundamental geotechnical calculations, constitutive laws, and failure criteria
are explained, highlighting their relevance in geotechnical engineering
applications. This paper provides a multidimensional perspective on
geotechnical engineering, offering valuable insights into soil properties,
consolidation processes, numerical methods, rheological analysis, and slope
stability assessment for professionals in the field.
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