地铁驾驶员认知能力与工作负荷结构关系研究
Research on the Structural Relationship of Cognitive Ability and Workload of Urban Rail Transit Drivers

目的：分析认知能力与工作负荷因素间存在的因果关系、结构层级、影响路径及影响程度等内部结构关系。方法：提出地铁驾驶员的认知能力的四类评价指标，量化工作负荷因素，应用集成灰色关联度分析法(Grey Relational Analysis, GRA)，决策试行与评价实验室法(Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL)和解释结构模型(Interpretative Structural Modeling Method, ISM)方法构建GRA-DEMATEL-ISM模型探究认知能力与工作负荷的因素结构关系。结果：34个指标中有两个认知能力指标和工作负荷指标会对其它指标造成长远深刻的影响，其它31个指标则造成较小影响。结论：分析结果可帮助轨道交通企业针对性开展认知能力提升培训，提高运营安全。
Objective: Analyze the internal structural relationships such as causality, structural hierarchy, pathways of influence, and degree of influence that exist between cognitive ability and workload factors. Methods: Four types of evaluation indicators for cognitive ability of subway drivers were proposed to quantify the workload factors, and the GRA-DEMATEL-ISM model was constructed using integrated Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory. (DEMATEL) and Interpretative Structural Modeling Method (ISM) to construct a GRA-DEMATEL-ISM model to investigate the structural relationship between cognitive ability and workload factors. Results: Two of the 34 indicators, the cognitive ability indicator and one category of workload indi-cator, have a profound long-term impact on the other indicators, while the other 31 indicators have a smaller impact. Conclusion: The model analysis results are reasonable and can help the manage-ment of rail transportation companies to understand the interrelationship between the factors and the key factors.