被害人过错在犯罪论中的体系地位——以法规范为视角
The Systematic Position of the Victim’s Fault in the Theory of Crime—From the Perspective of Legal Norms

被害人过错，是指在犯罪过程中，对法规范有忠诚态度的被害人以自己的行为侵害了刑法所要保护的法益，但被害人的行为与加害人的行为相比仅具有间接的法益侵害性。在此种情形下，认为被害人的行为可以部分地阻却加害人行为的违法性，从而影响对加害人的量刑轻重。以法益衡量为基础，以阶层犯罪论体系为讨论平台，应当将被害人过错定位为违法阻却事由。
The concept of victim’s fault refers to the situation where, during the commission of a crime, the victim’s actions infringe upon the legal interests protected by criminal law, demonstrating a loyal attitude towards legal norms. However, compared to the actions of the perpetrator, the victim’s behavior only indirectly infringes upon the legal interests. In this scenario, it is argued that the victim’s actions can partially negate the illegality of the perpetrator’s conduct, thus impacting the severity of sentencing for the perpetrator. With a focus on assessing legal interests and using the hierarchical crime theory as a discussion platform, the victim’s fault should be categorized as a mitigating factor.