加速康复理念在口腔癌血管化游离组织瓣修复的围手术期护理的效疗分析
The Efficacy Analysis of Accelerated Rehabilitation Concept in Perioperative Nursing Care of Oral Cancer Vascularized Free Tissue Flap Repair

目的：本研究旨在比较采用加速康复理念的护理对口腔癌血管化游离组织瓣修复患者的术后恢复情况、疼痛控制以及生活质量、肺功能的影响。方法：采用随机数表法，选择70名进行口腔癌血管化游离组织瓣修复的患者，将其随机分为观察组与对照组，每组各35名患者。观察组采用加速康复理念的护理，对照组采用常规护理。比较两组患者的术后恢复情况(包括术后首次下床活动的时间、术后首次排气的时间、术后首次进食的时间)，疼痛评分(采用视觉模拟评分法VAS)，以及生活质量(采用EORTC QLQ-C30评估工具)、肺功能指标等。结果：观察组患者的首次下床活动的时间、术后首次排气的时间、术后首次进食的时间均显著低于对照组(P < 0.01)。术后6小时及术后12小时观察组患者的VAS疼痛评分均显著低于对照组(P < 0.01)。出院时观察组患者的EORTC QLQ-C30生活质量评分中在全身健康状况/生活质量维度以及功能评估的得分均显著高于对照组(P < 0.01)，观察组患者在症状评估维度的得分显著低于对照组(P < 0.01)。护理干预后患者的FVC、FEV1、PEF、6MWD等肺功能指标均有显著提高(P < 0.01)，但观察组患者各项肺功能指标的上升幅度显著超过对照组(P < 0.01)。结论：采用加速康复理念的护理可以显著提升口腔癌血管化游离组织瓣修复患者的术后恢复情况，有效控制术后疼痛，并提高患者的生活质量，促进患者肺康复。
Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of accelerated rehabilitation nursing on postoperative recovery, pain control, quality of life, and lung function in patients with oral cancer undergoing vascularized free tissue flap repair. Method: Using a random number table method, 70 patients who underwent vascular free tissue flap repair for oral cancer were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 35 patients in each group. The observation group received accelerated rehabilitation care, while the control group received routine care. Compare the postoperative recovery of two groups of patients (including the time of first ambulation after surgery, the time of first exhaust after surgery, and the time of first meal after surgery), pain score (using visual analog scoring method VAS), quality of life (using EORTC QLQ-C30 evaluation tool), lung function indicators, etc. Result: The first time of getting out of bed activity, the first time of exhaust after surgery, and the first time of eating after surgery in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The VAS pain scores of the observation group patients were significantly lower than those of the control group at 6 hours and 12 hours after surgery (P < 0.01). At discharge, the EORTC QLQ-C30 quality of life score of the observation group patients was significantly higher in terms of overall health status/quality of life dimension and functional assessment score than the control group (P < 0.01), while the observation group patients had significantly lower scores in symptom assessment dimension than the control group (P < 0.01). After nursing intervention, the lung function indicators such as FVC, FEV1, PEF, and 6MWD of patients were significantly improved (P < 0.01), but the increase in various lung function indicators in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the