云南鲜食葡萄生产概况及提质增效技术措施
Production Situation of Yunnan Fresh Grape and Technical Measures to Improve Quality and Efficiency

云南全境海拔位于76.4~6700 m之间，立体气候明显，生态环境多样，在海拔450~2800 m之间的不少地区有葡萄栽培。云南国土面积占全国第八位，2018年葡萄面积和产量在全国均列第四位，其中红河、金沙江、珠江、怒江、澜沧江、伊洛瓦底江等六大水系的低热河谷区是全国最大的早熟商品鲜食葡萄产区，而滇、藏、川交界地区的滇西北香格里拉市的德钦、维西两县，以及滇东南与广西交界的弥勒、丘北等县市则规模化栽培了酿酒葡萄并加工葡萄酒。随着工农业科技的进步，云南鲜食葡萄栽培范围和面积不断扩大，以及新品种、新技术的推广，各地在鲜食葡萄生产上出现了一些效益很好的提质增效典型。本文介绍了云南鲜食葡萄产区的气候特点、存在的问题和主要的提质增效技术，供同行参考。
The whole altitude of Yunnan is between 76.4 and 6700 m, with an obvious three-dimensional climate and diverse ecological environment. Grape is cultivated in many areas between 450 and 2800 m. Yunnan land area accounted for the eighth, grape area and production in the fourth in 2018. Among them, the six drainages low-heat valley area of the Honghe, Jinsha River, Pearl River, Nu River, Lancang River, and Irrawaddy River is the country’s largest precocious commodity fresh grape producing area, Deqin and Weixi Counties of Shangri-La City in northwest Yunnan in the border area of Yunnan, Tibet and Sichuan and the counties and cities of Maitreya and Qiubei in south-east Yunnan and Guangxi border are scale cultivation of wine grapes and processing wine. With the progress of industrial and agricultural science and technology, the scope and area of fresh grape cultivation in Yunnan, as well as the promotion of new varieties and new technologies, there have been some typical improving quality and efficiency with good benefits in the production of fresh grape. This paper introduces the climate characteristics, existing problems and the main improving quality and efficiency technologies of Yunnan fresh grape producing area for a reference of peers.