谈钻井井喷失控事故的防范与处置
On the Prevention and Treatment of Out-of-Control Blowout Accidents in Drilling

井喷失控是油气钻井过程中的灾难性事故，因此杜绝井喷失控事故的发生是安全钻井的最高目标和最低要求。本文对中国石油天然气集团公司在2006年以前所发生的59井次典型钻井井喷失控案例进行分析统计，发现在钻进与提下钻期间发生的就有53井次，进一步找出与这53井次井喷失控事故关联频次最高的单一要素及其要素组合，并结合当前对井喷失控事故的处置方法与经验提出了井喷失控事故的日常防范和应急处置的要点，力求为安全钻井和科学钻井提供有效的防范方法及高效的处置措施。
Out-of-control blowout is a catastrophic accident in the process of oil and gas drilling, so no out-of-control blowout accident is the highest goal and minimum requirement in the drilling. Based on the statistical analysis of 59 typical cases of blowout before 2006, in CNPC, it is found further that the single risk factor and its combination of factors with the highest frequency are associated with these 53 blowout accidents. Combined with the current treatment methods and experience of blowout accidents, the paper puts forward the essentials of routine prevention and emergency treatment of blowout accidents, and strives to provide effective prevention methods and efficient treatment measures for safe drilling and scientific drilling.