语用原则与测试及教学的关系
The Relations between Principles of Pragmatics and Tests & Teaching

“合作原则(Cooperative Principle)”和“会话含义理论(Theory of Conversational Implicature)”是英语语用学中的两条著名原则，诸多中外学者如Grice，George Yule等，都对其进行了深入分析和探讨，并将其应用到了语言教学和某些社会实践中。然而，通过参阅这方面的研究专著和学术论文，笔者发现，对于这两条理论在英语测试中的实际应用的探讨尚不完善和明晰，留下了学术研讨中的空白和缺憾。有鉴于此，文章摘选了英语测试中的一些题目，从语用学的角度，通过“合作原则”和“会话含意原则”加以分析阐释，拟在该领域做一粗浅尝试，在英语教学和应对测试方面进行一些有益的探索，以期对教师的教学活动和学习者的应试技能有所帮助和借鉴。
Among various principles of pragmatics, “Cooperative Principle” and “Theory of Conversational Implicature” claim great significance, which have been well illustrated and adequately applied by a considerable number of scholars and experts like Grice, George Yule, etc. After consulting rele-vant works and literature in this sphere, the writer of this paper noticed, however, the exploration of the application of these two theories in English tests is far from enough. In view of this situation, the writer of this paper attempts to, by selecting some test items and from the perspective of “Cooperative Principle” and “Theory of Conversational Implicature” fill the blank in the research in this field.