粤港澳大湾区数据跨境流动规则探析
Exploring the Rules of Cross-Border Data Flow in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Greater Bay Area

当前数字经济在全球范围内蓬勃发展，规模庞大，数据跨境流动呈现全球化增长态势，数字治理成为必要。各国纷纷建立相应的数据流动规则，在数据调取、传输、使用等方面做出相应的规制。在数字治理领域，一些国家已取得较为良好的实践效果，其中具有代表性的有注重隐私和人权保护的欧盟和注重数据自由流动的美国。我国在数据治理方面，相继颁布了《中华人民共和国网络安全法》、《个人信息保护法》等有关数据保护的法律规范，但在具体的数据跨境流动方面，还缺少专门的法律规制。本文以粤港澳大湾区为研究对象，讨论在粤港澳大湾区建立数据跨境流动规则，为我国构建完备的数据跨境流动规则体系先行进行探索实践，打破数据流动壁垒，促进数据要素的自由流动，融入国际数据流动，推动高质量数字经济建设。
At present, the digital economy is booming globally, the scale is huge, and the cross-border flow of data shows a globalized growth trend, making digital governance necessary. Countries have established corresponding rules on data flow and made corresponding regulations on data access, transmission and use. In the field of digital governance, some countries have achieved relatively good practical results, among which the representative ones are the European Union, which focuses on privacy and human rights protection, and the United States, which focuses on the free flow of data. In terms of data governance, China has successively enacted the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Personal Information Protection Law and other legal norms related to data protection, but there is still a lack of specialized legal regulation on specific cross-border data flows. This paper takes Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Greater Bay Area as the research object, discusses the establishment of data cross-border flow rules in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Greater Bay Area, and carries out exploratory practice for China to build a complete data cross-border flow rule system first, breaks down the barriers of data flow, promotes the free flow of data elements, integrates into the international data flow, and promotes the construction of high-quality digital economy.