官媒新媒体账号对“高学历低就业”现象新闻报道的批评话语分析
Analysis of the Critical Discourse of the New Media Account of the Official Media on the News Reports of the Phenomenon of “High Education and Low Employment”

随着大学毕业生数量的不断增加和自主择业政策的实施，求职不仅成为低学历人群的长期困扰，也成为高学历人群的长期困扰。据统计，早在2020年，近300万外卖骑手中，研究生就有6万多人，本科生有17万多人。本文将运用费尔克拉夫提出的三维分析框架，对2022年8月至10月微信公众号上发布的硕博毕业生送外卖的新闻报道进行批判性话语分析，结合话语所在文本语境、社会语境，从名词(短语)分类选择、情态等语言层面进行文本分析，从互文性层面分析话语实践。虽然网络社交媒体通过选择不同的词语、表达方式和语气来撰写倡导工作平等的文章来掩盖隐性歧视，但实际上此类文章并没有从实际意义上对“高学历低就业”的社会现象起到缓解或解决作用，其中暗含的歧视性意识形态会反过来对社会造成一定影响，加剧民众的焦虑心理和内卷心态，从而让这样的社会现象进入恶性循环。
With the increasing number of college graduates and the implementation of the job-hunting by self-determination policy, job-seeking has become a perennial malaise not only for those with poor education backgrounds, but for highly educated individuals. It is estimated that as early as 2020, there were more than 60,000 postgraduates and 170,000 undergraduates out of nearly three million food delivery riders. Using the framework of three-dimensional analysis proposed by Fairclough, this paper conducts critical discourse analysis on the news reports released on the WeChat public account from August to October 2022 about Master’s and Ph.D. graduates becoming food delivery riders. Combined with the text context and social context of the discourse, this paper conducts a text analysis from the linguistic level of noun (phrase) classification selection and modal analysis, and analyzes discourse practice from the level of intertextuality. Although online social media write articles advocating job equality by selecting different words, expressions, and tones to mask covert discrimination, such news reports do nothing to alleviate or solve the social phenomenon of “high education and low employment” in a practical sense. Discriminatory ideology hidden behind them will in turn have a certain impact on society, flare up people’s nervous tension and social rat race, thus plunging society into a vicious circle.