拾得他人信用卡并使用行为的定性问题研究
A Qualitative Study on the Act of Picking up and Using Other’s Credit Card

在科技水平日益提升的当下社会，信用卡的出现方便了人们支配金钱，也给社会和学术界带来一些争议论题。对于拾得信用卡并使用行为的定性问题，虽然最高司法机关已经作出了相关指示，但理论界仍存在诸多争议。在对信用卡进行认定的基础上，对学界不同的学说予以介绍，最后对不同学说发表自己的看法，并引出自己对拾得他人信用卡并使用行为的定性问题的主张——应定信用卡诈骗罪。拾得他人信用卡并使用行为的定性，理论上主要有两种观点，即诈骗说和区分说，区分说较为复杂，其又可细分为：以不同的拾卡地点、使用方式、使用场合等为标准的区分论。区分说的各区分论都存在一定不足，相比之下将拾得他人信用卡并使用行为定为诈骗罪处罚，既具有理论上的合理性又具有实践中的可行性。
In the current society with increasing technological advancements, the emergence of credit cards has facilitated people’s control of money and brought some controversial topics to society and academia. Although the highest judicial authority has issued relevant instructions regarding the qualitative issue of collecting and using credit cards, there are still many controversies in the theoretical community. On the basis of identifying credit cards, this article introduces different theories in the academic community, and finally expresses one’s own views on different theories. It also raises one’s own opinion on the qualitative issue of the behavior of picking up and using others’ credit cards—the crime of credit card fraud should be established. There are two main theories on the qualitative analysis of the behavior of picking up someone else’s credit card and using it, namely the fraud theory and the differentiation theory. The differentiation theory is relatively complex and can be further divided into: differentiation theory based on different card picking locations, usage methods, usage occasions, etc. There are certain shortcomings in the differentiation theories. In contrast, it is both theoretically reasonable and practically feasible to classify the act of picking up someone else’s credit card and using it as a crime of fraud.