The establishment of nucleus herds (NHs) of Native
Pigs (NPs) at various R&D stations in the Philippines is currently being
undertaken for food security and genetic conservation advocacy. Marker-assisted
selection (MAS) is being utilized to identify individuals carrying favorable
alleles of genes associated with production traits and screen out genetic
defects (GD) for breeding purposes. Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS) caused by a
mutation in Halothane (HAL) gene is a GD frequently found in commercial breeds
that when expressed, causes pale, soft, exudative (PSE) meat. PSE is inferior
quality meat undesirable in the market causing economic losses to the swine
industry. Thus, this study was conducted to screen the HAL gene through
mutagenically separated-polymerase chain reaction (MSPCR) in selected NP herds
and assessed its repeatability in local breeds. Results showed that out of 577
screened individuals, 543 (94.11%) were normal (NN), 0 (0%) were homozygous
mutant (nn) and 34 (5.89%) were heterozygous carriers (Nn). Therefore, the optimized PSS screening protocol
using MSPCR is also applicable to local breeds. As such, the availability of
genetic tests for PSS could be useful in improving the Philippine NPs breeding
selection and inhibiting or eliminating PSS mutant incidence within its nucleus
herd.
References
[1]
Guerero, R. (2018) Raising Native Pigs Is Profitable and Environmentally Friendly. Livestock and Poultry. https://www.agriculture.com.ph/2018/07/29/raising-native-pigs-is-profitable-and-environmentally-friendly/
[2]
Iowa State University (2023) Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS). https://vetmed.iastate.edu/vdpam/FSVD/swine/index-diseases/PSS
[3]
Ilie, D.E., Bacila, V., Cean, A., Cziszter, L.T. and Neo, S. (2014) Screening of RYR1 Genotypes in Swine Population by a Rapid and Sensitive Method. Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 19, 9170-9178. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264346506_Screening_of_RYR1_genotypes_in_ swine_population_by_a_rapid_and_sensitive_method
[4]
Rossi, D., Barone, V., Giacomello, E., Cusimano, V. and Sorrentino, V. (2008) The Sarcoplasmic Reticulum: An Organized Patchwork of Specialized Domains. Traffic, 9, 1044-1049. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0854.2008.00717.x
[5]
O’Brien, P.J. (1999) Porcine Stress Syndrome. In: Straw, B.E., D’Allaire, Mengeling, W.L. and Taylor, D.J., Eds., Diseases of Swine, Iowa State University Press, Ames, 757-776. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316977454
[6]
Stalder, K. and Conatser, G. (1999) Porcine Stress Syndrome and Its Effects on Maternal, Feedlot and Carcass Quantitative and Qualitative Traits. University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service, 1, 1-12. https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/PB1606.pdf
[7]
Porter, V. (1993) Pigs: A Handbook to the Breeds of the World. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, 1-256.
[8]
Manalaysay, J., Alili, R., and Mingala, C. (2014) Genetic Testing for Porcine Stress Syndrome Using Mutagenically Separated-Polymerase Cahein Reaction. Philippine Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 51, 125-130. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266684303_Genetic_Testing_for_Porcine_Stress _Syndrome_Using_Mutagenically_Separated-Polymerase_Chain_Reaction
[9]
Rosenvold, K. and Anderson, H.J. (2003) Factors of Significance for Pork Quality—A Review. Meat Science, 64, 219-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(02)00186-9
[10]
See, M., Rothchild, M. and Christians, C. (2006) Swine Genetic Abnormalities. https://swine.extension.org/swine-genetic-abnormalities/
