从“游泳”看汉语词语的构词过程
On the Formation Process of Chinese Words from the Perspective of “Youyong”

本文以北京大学语料库为文献来源，通过梳理“游”和“泳”的词义演变，分析离合词“游泳”的成词过程，结合相关语言学理论，探明其成词机制：“游泳”中语素“游”与“泳”原本是两个词，最初均用作动词，“游”“泳”二字经过逆构，由短语发展为一个离合词，实现了从高级概念向低级概念的降级处理，是一个明显的词汇化过程。同时，本文还通过分析与“游泳”结构相类似的词汇，在现象描写的基础上试图对这种结构变异的动因与机制做出解释。
The article analyzes the formation process of the clutch word “youyong” by analyzing the semantic evolution of “you” and “yong”, and explores its formation by combining relevant linguistic theories to in the CCL corpus. The morphemes “you” and “yong” in “youyong” are originally two words, both of which are originally used as verbs. After reverse construction, the words “you” and “yong” develop from a phrase to a clutch word, which is a downgrade process from a high-level concept to a low-level concept showing an obvious lexicalization. At the same time, this article also attempts to explain the causes of this structural variation based on the description of phenomena by analyzing the structure of vocabulary similar to the “youyong”.