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相干光断层扫描影像学特征在视网膜静脉阻塞中的研究进展
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Abstract:
视网膜血管疾病的第二大常见原因是视网膜血管阻塞(RVO)，RVO增加了毛细血管和静脉的血管内压力，引发血管屏障塌陷，随后的血液或血浆成分渗漏到组织中引起的黄斑水肿(ME)可导致严重的视力损害。光学相干断层扫描成像(OCT)能对视网膜结构进行微结构和邻近组织成像，极大地改变了视网膜疾病的治疗方法。它允许定量和定性分析成像生物标志物，是RVO常见的检查方法。通过光谱域OCT (SD-OCT)评估的其他生物标志物有：视网膜内液(IRF)和视网膜下液(SRF)的存在和位置、内层视网膜结构紊乱(DRIL)的存在、超反射焦点(HRF)的存在(数量和位置)；中心凹下视网膜厚度(CRT)、椭球带(EZ)的改变和外界膜(ELM)特征？突出中界膜(p-MLM)征和中央旁急性中间黄斑病变(PAMM)等，有证据表明OCT生物标志物可能有助于预测治疗的临床结果。通过对上述影像学生物标志物的研究，会进一步认识视网膜血管疾病，对帮助解决RVO患者的治疗预期是非常有用和重要的。
Retinal vascular occlusion (RVO) is the second most common cause of retinal vascular disease, RVO increased capillary and venous pressure within the blood vessels, cause the failure of vascular bar-rier, then blood or plasma composition macular edema (ME) caused by leakage into tissue can lead to severe visual impairment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to microstructure and neighboring retinal structure group woven like, greatly changed the treatment of diseases of the retina. It allows the quantitative and qualitative analysis of imaging biomarkers, is RVO common inspection method. By spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) evaluation of other biomarkers are: The intra retinal fluid (IRF) and subretinal fluid (SRF) of existence and the existence of the position, the ex-istence of the disorganization of the inner retinal layers (DRIL), hyperreflective foci (HRF) (the number and location); Under the central retinal thickness (CRT), ellipsoid zone (EZ) and changes of the external limiting membrane (ELM) characteristics, prominent middle limiting membrane (p-MLM) and the central near among paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) and so on, there is evidence that OCT biomarkers could help predict the clinical outcome of treatment. Through the study of the imaging biomarkers, will further understanding of retinal vascular disease, to help solve the treatment of patients with RVO expectations are very useful and important.
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