表主观量的“数 + 形 + 量(+名)”格式语义功能研究
Research on the Semantic Function of Subjective Quantity Structure “Numeral + Adjective + Quantity (+NP)”

“数 + 形 + 量(+名)”格式在语义功能上具有帮助表达主观量的作用。量词可分为名量词和动量词：当“数 + 形 + 量(+名)”格式中的量词为名量词，该格式表达发话人主观上将事物所具备的空间维度的量性特征往大或小里说，突显名词所具有的量性特征是超越常规的。通常上下文中会与其它方面构成对比，或者与相关联的其他事件或结果构成对照，它常与其他主观大量或主观小量标记共现；如果“数 + 形 + 量(+名)”格式中的量词为动量词，该格式则表达发话人主观上将事物所具备的时间维度的量性特征往大或小里说，强调的是时间长或短，它也常与其他主观大量或主观小量标记共现，此外，“一小下”还可强调动作的力度轻、程度低或幅度小。
The structure “numeral + adjective + quantity (+NP)” has the function of helping to express the subjective quantity in the semantic function. Classifiers can be divided into noun classifiers and verbal classifiers: when the quantifier in the structure “numeral + adjective + quantity (+NP)” is a noun classifier, this structure expresses the speaker subjectively speaking the quantitative charac-teristics of the spatial dimension of things to large or small, highlighting the quantitative character-istics of nouns is beyond the normal. Usually, it contrasts with other aspects or is associated with other related events or results, it often appears with other subjective quantity markers; if the quantifier in the structure “numeral + adjective + quantity (+NP)” is a verbal classifier, it expresses the speaker subjectively speaking the quantitative characteristics of the time dimension of things to large or small, emphasizing a long time or a short time. It often appears with other subjective quantity markers. In addition, “Yi Xiao Xia (一小下)” can also emphasize the light, low degree or small magnitude of action.