刑事远程庭审的法理逻辑与完善思路
Juridical Logic and Perfection of Criminal Remote Trial

人工智能、算法与司法裁判领域的深度融合为远程庭审提供了技术支撑；同时基于比例原则兼顾国家权利与个人私益的考量以及实践中平衡司法效率与公正的需要，刑事远程庭审具有充足的法理支撑与现实价值。遗憾的是，当前远程庭审仍面临庭审仪式感弱化、与直接言词原则冲突并削弱刑事被告人部分权利的困境，亟待厘清。完善思路上，首先应明确“双方同意”为远程庭审的启动机制；其次，保障被告方事中秘密通话权以及事前事后的咨询权；最后，科技赋能庭审，引入VR技术、加强司法内部硬软件设施建设等推进远程审判模式的有效落地。
Deep integration of artificial intelligence, algorithms, and judicial adjudication provides technical support for remote trial. The principle of proportionality not only gives consideration to national power and individual rights, but also balances judicial efficiency and justice. Therefore, remote trial has sufficient legal support. However, the remote trial has the dilemma of weakening the sense of trial ceremony as well as the defendant’s power, conflicting with the principle of direct speech. Therefore, we should clarify the starting mechanism agreed by both parties, guarantee the defendant’s right to confidential communication and consultation. Finally, technology empowers court trials, introduce VR technology, and strengthen the construction of hardware and software facilities within the judiciary to promote the effective implementation of remote trial models.