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大学生酒依赖状况及危险因素分析
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Abstract:
目的：了解大学生的饮酒现状及影响大学生饮酒行为的因素，为减少大学生酒依赖行为提供理论依据。方法：用分层整群随机抽样的方法，从黑龙江省属的工科、师范类、医学类以及综合性大学中分别选出一所大学作为调查样本，并对其中1453名本科生饮酒状况及其相关危险因素进行问卷调查。结果：6.5%的学生有酒依赖倾向(男生为17.5%，女生为2.6%)，多因素logistic回归分析结果表明，父亲饮酒(OR = 0.504, P < 0.01)、有吸烟史(OR = 0.547, P = 0.03)、认为饮酒是大学生活一部分(OR = 0.352, P < 0.01)、月生活费较高(OR = 1.194, P = 0.013)、年级较高(OR = 1.642, P = 0.001)、学校对学生饮酒行为管理不严格(OR = 1.82, P < 0.01)的大学生更倾向于饮酒；不同饮酒类别的人际交往因子(OR = 0.91, P = 0.002)、受惩罚因子(OR = 1.06, P = 0.002)、其他因子得分(OR = 1.18, P = 0.000)差异有统计学意义。结论：大学生存在酒依赖行为，大学生酒依赖行为倾向与性别、家庭环境因素、饮酒态度、学校管理、吸烟等因素相关联，人际紧张、受到惩罚、被老师或父母责骂等都可能增加大学生饮酒行为。
Objective: To understand the current situation of alcohol consumption among college students and the factors affecting their drinking behavior, and to provide theoretical basis for reducing their al-cohol dependence behavior. Methods: With stratified cluster random sampling method, one univer-sity was selected from the engineering, normal, medical and comprehensive universities in Hei-longjiang Province as the sample. The drinking status and related risk factors of 1453 undergradu-ates were investigated by questionnaire. Results: 6.5% of the students had alcohol dependence tendency (17.5% for boys and 2.6% for girls). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the father drank alcohol (OR = 0.504, P < 0.01), had a history of smoking (OR = 0.547, P = 0.03), thought drinking was a part of college life (OR = 0.352, P < 0.01), students with higher monthly liv-ing expenses (OR = 1.194, P = 0.013), higher grade (OR = 1.642, P = 0.001), and less strict manage-ment of drinking behavior (OR = 1.82, P < 0.01) were more inclined to drink. There were significant differences in interpersonal interaction factor (OR = 0.91, P = 0.002), punishment factor (OR = 1.06, P = 0.002) and other factor scores (OR = 1.18, P = 0.000) among different drinking categories. Con-clusion: Alcohol dependence behavior exists among college students, and its tendency is related to gender, family environment factors, drinking attitude, school management, smoking and so on. In-terpersonal tension, being punished, and being scolded by teachers or parents may increase college students’ drinking behavior.
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