Formulation of Biofungicides from Cymbopogon citratus and Tithonia diversifolia: Evaluating Its Antimicrobial Activities against Pythium myriotylum, the Causal Agent of Root Rot of Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott
Three fungicide formulations, namely M1, M2
and M3, were prepared from sodium bicarbonate, citronella essential oil and
sunflower slurry. The stability of M1, M2 and M3 formulations was determined
based on pH, temperature, order of incorporation of the inputs and storage
time. The most stable formulations were used for antagonistic tests on Pythium
myriotylum. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was used for the
greenhouse tests and the mode of action was determined in vitro. The study showed that the order of incorporation of the
inputs “Essential Oil-Tween 80-Bicarbonate-Slurry” (EO-T80-B-S) promotes stability. M1 and M2 are stable at 4°C, 25°C, 37°C and
40°C temperatures and have a pH of 7 and 8 respectively. The Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration of M1 and M2 is 1% on P. myriotylum. M1 and M2 act on
Pythium by membrane lysis, inhibiting proton pumps and inhibiting protein
synthesis. The formulations M1 and M2 reduce the incidence of root rot disease in
cocoyam plants growth in the greenhouse. M1 and M2 are potential candidates for
improvement of cocoyam seedlings production in Cameroon.
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