论马克思对资产阶级的道德批判——以《德意志意识形态》为中心
On Marx’s Moral Criticism of the Bourgeoisie—Centered on the German Ideology

马克思一生都在致力于解放人的思想、实现个人的自由全面发展的理论研究，这是学术界所肯定的。但对于马克思是否建立了自己的道德理论体系，学术界却存在着许多质疑和争论。针对这些质疑和争论，笔者将通过对目前学术界一些研究现状的梳理，以及运用文本解读的方法，重点阅读马克思的《德意志意识形态》及其他著作，力图找到关于论证马克思的道德观的确然性的理论。《德意志意识形态》是马克思与恩格斯合力完成的著作。在《德意志意识形态》中，马克思从道德与社会的逻辑关系出发，通过对资产阶级的道德观的批判来揭示资产阶级的虚伪，从而对道德观的实践性做出了分析，提出实现个人的自由发展，以此来建构自己的道德理论体系。本文也将从这些角度来分析马克思的道德观。
Marx devoted his whole life to the theoretical research of liberating people’s thoughts and realizing the free and all-round development of individuals, which is affirmed by the academic circle. But there are many questions and arguments about whether Marx has established his own moral theory system. In response to these doubts and debates, the author will try to find a theory to demonstrate the authenticity of Marx’s moral view by combing the current research status of some academic circles and using text interpretation methods, focusing on reading Marx’s German Ideology and other works. The German Ideology is a joint work of Marx and Engels. In the German Ideology, Marx, starting from the logical relationship between morality and society, reveals the hypocrisy of the bourgeoisie through the criticism of the moral values of the bourgeoisie, thus analyzes the practicality of the moral values, and proposes to realize the free development of individuals, so as to construct his own moral theory system. This article will also analyze Marx’s moral view from these angles.