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延安市宝塔区成年居民肥胖流行特征及其影响因素分析
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Abstract:
目的：探究延安市宝塔区18岁以上成年人肥胖流行特征及相关因素，为合理干预成人肥胖提供科学指导。方法：于2021年6月至12月采用简单随机抽样，抽取延安市宝塔区柳林及万花两个乡镇18岁以上常住居民为调查对象，并进行问卷调查和体成分的测量。应用SPSS 26.0软件进行χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果：共收回有效问卷542例，有效回收率为98.01%；调查对象肥胖率为62.92%，内脏脂肪型腹部肥胖率为58.49%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示：男性(OR = 0.458, 95% CI: 0.236~0.889)是延安市成年居民肥胖的保护因素，有高血压(OR = 2.128, 95% CI: 1.397~3.329)、文化程度是小学(OR = 1.692, 95% CI: 1.087~2.636)是危险因素。同样，男性(OR = 0.351, 95% CI: 0.180~0.683)是当地居民内脏脂肪型腹部肥胖的保护因素，而年龄在60~88岁(OR = 1.776, 95% CI: 1.146~2.752)、有高血压(OR = 2.835, 95% CI: 1.837~4.376)、每天摄入蛋类(OR = 1.628, 95% CI: 1.021~2.596)是危险因素。结论：延安市宝塔区成年居民肥胖率及内脏脂肪型腹部肥胖率较高，需要当地加大健康知识宣教力度，倡导居民养成健康的生活方式，控制肥胖率的上升。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence characteristics of obesity and related factors in adults over 18 years old in Baota District, Yan’an City, and to provide scientific guidance for reasonable inter-vention in adult obesity. Methods: From June to December 2021, simple random sampling was used to select permanent residents aged 18 years or older in two townships, Liulin and Wanhua, Baota District, Yan’an City, and questionnaires and measurements of body composition were conducted. The χ2 test and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were performed with SPSS 26.0 software. Results: A total of 542 cases of valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid recovery rate of 98.01%; the obesity rate of the survey subjects was 62.92%, and the rate of visceral fat type ab-dominal obesity was 58.49%. The results of multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that: male (OR = 0.458, 95% CI: 0.236~0.889) was the protective factor for obesity among adult residents in Yan’an, having hypertension (OR = 2.128, 95% CI: 1.397~3.329), having elementary school edu-cation (OR = 1.692, 95% CI: 1.087~ 2.636) were risk factors. Similarly, being male (OR = 0.351, 95% CI: 0.180 to 0.683) was a protective factor for visceral fat type abdominal obesity in the local popu-lation, while being aged 60 to 88 years (OR = 1.776, 95% CI: 1.146 to 2.752), having hypertension (OR = 2.835, 95% CI: 1.837 to 4.376), having daily intake of eggs (OR = 1.628, 95% CI: 1.021~2.596) were risk factors. Conclusion: The obesity rate and visceral fat type abdominal obesity rate of adult residents in local areas of Yan’an City are high, and it is necessary to increase local health knowledge education and advocate residents to develop a healthy lifestyle to control the rise of obesity rate.
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