公众对气候变化风险感知与适应行为的研究——基于CGSS2021数据的实证分析
Research on Public Perception of Climate Change Risk and Adaptation Behavior—An Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS2021 Data

气候变化已成为普遍关注的重大全球性环境问题，积极应对气候变化是全球共识。文章基于2021年的CGSS数据，利用OLS模型探究公众对气候变化的风险感知以及其适应行为之间的相关性，并探究公众适应行为的其他影响因素，并用Oprobit模型进行稳健性检验。研究发现：第一，公众对气候变化的风险感知对其适应行为有显著正向影响，高风险感知有利于增强公众的适应行为。第二，公众对环境的认知感以及社会责任感对其适应行为有显著积极影响。第三，在个体特征中，个人收入对适应行为有显著影响，公众的收入水平越高，越会特地为了环境保护而采取行动。基于以上的结论，对于如何切实有效地增强公众的适应能力提出了相关建议。第一，正确引导政策推荐与宣传。第二，强化相关环境问题的知识普及。第三，努力营造良好的社会风气。
Climate change has become a major global environmental issue of widespread concern, and there is a global consensus to actively address climate change. Based on the 2021 CGSS data, the article uses an OLS model to investigate the correlation between public perceptions of climate change risks and their adaptation behavior, as well as other factors influencing public adaptation behavior and conducts robustness tests using an Oprobit model. The study found that: firstly, the public’s risk perception of climate change has a significant positive effect on their adaptation behavior, and high risk perception is conducive to enhancing the public’s adaptation behavior. Secondly, the public’s sense of environmental awareness and social responsibility had a signifi-cant positive impact on their adaptation behavior. Thirdly, among individual characteristics, personal income has a significant impact on adaptive behavior; the higher the income level of the public is, the more likely they are to act specifically for environmental protection. Based on the above findings, recommendations are made on how to effectively enhance the adaptive capacity of the public. Firstly, policy recommendations and advocacy should be properly guided. Secondly, the knowledge of relevant environmental issues should be strengthened. Thirdly, strive to create a good social climate.